英语短语"set on fire"的核心含义是“使燃烧;点燃;纵火焚烧”,既可以用于字面义(物理上的燃烧),也常延伸为比喻义(情感或状态的“点燃”,如兴奋、热情)。
"set on fire" 是及物动词短语,强调“主动使某物/某人燃烧”(通常有明确的施动者),常见结构有两种:
1、 set + 宾语 + on fire(直接带宾语)
2、 set fire to + 宾语(与上同义,结构不同)
指通过人为或外部因素使物体燃烧,施动者通常是人(或有意志的主体)。
主动句:
Someone set the house on fire last night.(昨晚有人放火烧了房子。)
The kids accidentally set the tent on fire with their campfire.(孩子们用篝火不小心点燃了帐篷。)
Protesters set fire to several police vehicles.(抗议者点燃了几辆警车。)
被动句:
The old factory was set on fire by an arsonist.(旧工厂被纵火犯烧毁了。)
The barn was set fire to during the riot.(谷仓在骚乱中被纵火。)
引申为“使充满热情、兴奋、激动或怒火”,常用以描述人或群体的情绪被激发。
Her speech set the crowd on fire with hope.(她的演讲让人群燃起了希望。)
The band’s performance set the audience on fire—everyone was dancing.(乐队的表演让观众热血沸腾,所有人都在跳舞。)
His rude comment set her on fire with anger.(他的无礼评论让她怒火中烧。)
施动者明确:"set on fire" 通常隐含“有人/物主动引发燃烧”,与"catch on fire"(自动着火,无施动者)不同:
The dry grass caught on fire in the sun.(干草在阳光下自燃了。)(无施动者)
Someone set the dry grass on fire.(有人点燃了干草。)(有施动者)
宾语灵活性:可接物(house, car)或人(crowd, audience),接人时多为比喻义。
结构转换:"set sth on fire" = "set fire to sth",两者可互换(注意介词搭配)。
语境 | 例句 | 含义 |
---|---|---|
纵火 | The store was set on fire by a vandal. | 商店被破坏者纵火。 |
意外点燃 | I almost set my hair on fire with the candle. | 我差点用蜡烛烧到头发。 |
激发热情 | The coach’s speech set the team on fire. | 教练的演讲让团队充满斗志。 |
引发愤怒 | His lie set her on fire. | 他的谎言让她勃然大怒。 |
总之,"set on fire" 是一个兼顾字面与比喻的常用短语,核心是“主动引发某种状态(燃烧/情绪)”,掌握其结构和语境差异即可灵活使用。