"the presence of" 是一个名词短语,核心含义为:“……的存在”“……的在场”,用于强调某事物、某人或某种状态的实际存在(或在场)。
其中,"presence" 本身是名词,意为“存在;在场;出席”;"of" 引出具体的“存在物”或“在场者”。
"the presence of" 的结构为:the presence of + 名词/动名词(of 后接“存在的主体”)。它在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等成分,常与以下动词搭配使用:
表示“发现/证实/显示”:detect(检测到)、confirm(证实)、show(显示)、prove(证明)、indicate(表明)、find(发现)
表示“感知/意识到”:feel(感受到)、sense(察觉到)、notice(注意到)
表示“承认/忽略”:acknowledge(承认)、ignore(忽略)
表示“依赖/需要”:depend on(依赖)、require(需要)
通过不同语境的例子,理解其用法:
科学/学术场景(强调“事物的存在”):
Scientists confirmed the presence of water on Mars.(科学家证实了火星上存在水。)
The test results indicated the presence of alcohol in his blood.(检测结果显示他血液中含有酒精。)
日常场景(强调“人的在场”或“状态的存在”):
The presence of her family gave her strength during the difficult time.(家人的在场在困难时期给了她力量。)
I hate the presence of noise when I’m trying to work.(我工作时讨厌有噪音存在。)
文学/情感场景(强调“抽象事物的存在”):
The presence of her childhood toy filled the room with warmth.(她童年玩具的存在让房间充满了温暖。)
He could still feel the presence of his late wife in the old house.(他仍能在老房子里感受到已故妻子的存在。)
作主语/表语(直接强调“存在”本身):
The presence of air pollution is a serious threat to public health.(空气污染的存在是对公众健康的严重威胁。)(主语)
The biggest problem here is the presence of mold in the walls.(这里最大的问题是墙壁里有霉菌。)(表语)
"presence of mind" 是一个常用习语,意为“镇定自若;临危不乱”,强调在紧急情况下保持冷静的能力:
In the fire, she had the presence of mind to turn off the gas before escaping.(火灾中,她镇定地在逃生前关掉了煤气。)
He lost his presence of mind when he saw the snake.(看到蛇时,他慌了神。)
注意 "the presence of" 与 "in the presence of" 的区别:
the presence of:名词短语,表“……的存在/在场”(强调“存在”本身);
in the presence of:介词短语,表“在……面前;当着……的面”(强调“所处的环境”)。
示例对比:
The presence of police made the crowd calm down.(警察的存在让人群冷静了下来。)(强调“警察存在”这个事实)
She couldn’t speak freely in the presence of her boss.(在老板面前,她无法畅所欲言。)(强调“在老板面前”这个场景)
"the presence of" 是表达“存在”的核心短语,适用于具体事物、人或抽象状态,常见于学术、日常、文学等场景。掌握其搭配动词和与 "in the presence of" 的区别,就能灵活运用啦!