“both...and...”是英语中常用的并列连词结构,核心含义是“两者都……”,用于连接两个平行、同类的成分(如名词、代词、形容词、动词等),强调两者的共同性或同时具备的特征。
直接翻译为“……和……两者都”,突出两个对象的并列关系(而非选择或否定)。例如:
Both cats and dogs are popular pets.(猫和狗都是受欢迎的宠物。)
“both...and...”必须连接同一语法类型的成分(即“平行结构”),常见搭配如下:
当“both...and...”连接两个主语时,谓语动词需用复数形式(因为主语是“两者”)。
Both my brother and I are fond of hiking.(我和我弟弟都喜欢徒步。)
Both the teacher and the students were excited about the trip.(老师和学生都对这次旅行很兴奋。)
连接动词或介词的宾语,表示“两者都涉及”。
She bought both a dress and a pair of shoes.(她买了一条裙子和一双鞋。)
I’m interested in both history and art.(我对历史和艺术都感兴趣。)
连接be动词/系动词后的表语,描述主语的两个特征。
The novel is both interesting and thought-provoking.(这本小说既有趣又发人深省。)
He is both kind and honest.(他既善良又诚实。)
表示主语同时进行两个动作(需保持动词形式一致,如都用不定式、动名词等)。
She both sings and dances in the school talent show.(她在校园才艺表演中又唱又跳。)
They both like to read and to write.(他们既喜欢读又喜欢写。)
修饰同一名词或动词,强调“两者都包含”。
Both the red and the blue pens are mine.(红色和蓝色的钢笔都是我的。)(连接定语+名词)
He works both in the morning and in the afternoon.(他上午和下午都工作。)(连接时间状语)
1、 必须平行:连接的两个成分需为同一类型(不能一个是名词,一个是句子)。
❌ 错误:Both he and his sister like reading and to swim.(reading是动名词,to swim是不定式,不平行)
✅ 正确:Both he and his sister like reading and swimming.(都用动名词)
2、 主谓一致:连接主语时,谓语用复数(不能用单数)。
❌ 错误:Both you and I is right.
✅ 正确:Both you and I are right.
3、 否定句不用:
表示“两者都不”:用neither...nor...(完全否定)。
例:Neither Tom nor Mary came to the party.(汤姆和玛丽都没参加派对。)
表示“不是两者都”:用not both...(部分否定)。
例:Not both of them are good at math.(他们不是两人都擅长数学。)
4、 “both”的单独用法:
若不与“and”连用,“both”需放在be动词/助动词/情态动词之后,实义动词之前。
They are both students.(他们都是学生。)(be动词后)
We both like coffee.(我们都喜欢咖啡。)(实义动词前)
You can both join us.(你们都可以加入我们。)(情态动词后)
“both...and...”的核心是连接两个平行成分,强调“两者都”,使用时需注意结构一致和主谓一致,否定时需替换为“neither...nor...”或“not both”。通过例子反复练习(如连接主语、宾语、表语),就能熟练掌握~