"prior to" 是介词短语,核心含义为 "在……之前;先于……",强调时间上的先后顺序 ,比普通的 "before" 更正式,常用于书面语、法律文本、学术写作或正式场合。
作为介词短语,"prior to" 后面必须接名词、代词、动名词(-ing)或名词性从句,构成介词结构,在句中作时间状语。
表示"在某事物/某人之前",常见搭配如 "prior to + 事件/时间点/动作主体"。
Prior to the meeting, we need to finalize the agenda.(会议前,我们需要确定议程。)
All guests must check in prior to 6 PM.(所有客人必须在下午6点前登记入住。)
I had never met her prior to this event.(在这次活动前,我从未见过她。)
当"prior to" 后接动作时,需将动词变为动名词形式(因为介词后不能直接接动词原形)。
She worked as a teacher prior to becoming an actor.(在成为演员之前,她是一名教师。)
Prior to starting the project, we did extensive research.(在启动项目前,我们做了大量研究。)
较少见,但可接由 "what/that" 引导的从句(需为名词性结构)。
Prior to what happened last night, I trusted him completely.(在昨晚的事发生之前,我完全信任他。)
维度 | "prior to" | "before" |
---|---|---|
正式程度 | 更正式(书面/法律/学术) | 更口语(日常对话) |
用法限制 | 只能作介词(后接名词性成分) | 可作介词、连词或副词 |
示例 | Prior to the deadline... | Before the deadline... |
Prior to leaving... | Before leaving... | |
(不能说 "prior to I left",需改为 "prior to my leaving") | 可以说 "before I left"(连词接从句) |
prior to that:在那之前
We hadn’t discussed the plan prior to that.(在那之前我们没讨论过这个计划。)
prior to now:在此之前
Prior to now, the company had no remote work policy.(在此之前,公司没有远程工作政策。)
prior to departure/arrival:出发前/到达前
Please collect your luggage prior to departure.(请在出发前领取行李。)
"prior to" 是正式的"时间介词",核心是"在……之前",需后接名词性成分,替换"before"可提升文本的正式感,但日常对话中更常用"before"。
通过例句巩固:
Formal: All documents must be submitted prior to the interview.(所有文件必须在面试前提交。)
Informal: All documents must be submitted before the interview.(所有文件必须在面试前提交。)