英语短语"condemn sb. to"的核心含义是“使某人陷入(不愉快、痛苦或困境的状态);判处某人(某种刑罚)”,强调“强制或不可避免地让某人承受负面结果”。
该短语主要有两大常用场景:
指法庭或权威机构正式判处某人某种刑罚(如监禁、死刑等)。
结构:`condemn sb. to + 具体刑罚(名词)`
常见搭配:
condemn sb. to death:判处某人死刑
condemn sb. to prison/jail:判处某人监禁
condemn sb. to a term of... years:判处某人…年徒刑
例句:
The murderer was condemned to death by the court.
凶手被法庭判处死刑。
The judge condemned him to 15 years in prison for robbery.
法官因抢劫罪判处他15年监禁。
指因某种行为、决定或外部因素,导致某人被迫承受长期的负面状态(如贫困、孤独、悔恨等)。
结构:`condemn sb. to + 负面状态(名词/动名词)`
常见搭配:
condemn sb. to a life of...:使某人陷入…的生活(如 poverty 贫困、loneliness 孤独、misery 痛苦)
condemn sb. to doing sth.:使某人不得不做…(通常是令人厌恶的事)
例句:
His addiction to gambling condemned him to a life of poverty.
他的赌瘾使他陷入了贫困的生活。
The accident condemned her to spending the rest of her life in a wheelchair.
那场事故使她余生都不得不坐在轮椅上。
Lazy habits will condemn you to failure in the exam.
懒惰的习惯会让你考试失败。
该短语常用被动形式,表示“某人被判处/陷入…”,更强调“承受结果”的状态。
例句:
He was condemned to life imprisonment for his crimes.
他因罪行被判处终身监禁。
Many refugees are condemned to living in overcrowded camps.
许多难民被迫生活在拥挤的难民营里。
condemn sb. to:聚焦“结果”(让某人承受什么);
condemn sb. for sth.:聚焦“原因”(因某事谴责某人)。
例:
They condemned him for lying.(因说谎谴责他)
His lies condemned him to losing all his friends.(说谎使他失去所有朋友)
总结:"condemn sb. to"的核心是“强制赋予负面结果”,无论是法律上的判刑,还是生活中的困境,都强调“不可逃避的负面状态”。