该短语是系表结构(be动词 + 形容词contrary + 介词to),后接名词、代词或从句(what/that引导的宾语从句),说明“与什么相反”。
1、 接名词/代词(最常见)
表示“与某事物(规则、事实、意愿等)相反”。
The decision was contrary to the majority's opinion.(这个决定与大多数人的意见相反。)
His behavior is contrary to social norms.(他的行为违反社会规范。)
The outcome was contrary to our plans.(结果与我们的计划相悖。)
2、 接从句(what/that引导)
强调“与……的内容/情况相反”,从句说明具体的“相反对象”。
Her words are contrary to what she did yesterday.(她的话与她昨天的行为相反。)
The evidence is contrary to what the witness claimed.(证据与证人的陈述不符。)
3、 常见固定搭配
be contrary to one's wishes(违背某人的意愿):It's contrary to my wishes to leave early.(早走违背我的意愿。)
be contrary to the facts(与事实不符):Your statement is contrary to the facts.(你的陈述不符合事实。)
be contrary to reason/law(不合常理/违法):His demand is contrary to reason.(他的要求不合常理。)
be opposite to:更侧重“位置、方向或性质的对立”(如“对面的、相反的方向”),而be contrary to 更强调“逻辑、规则或意愿的冲突”。
例:The bank is opposite to the supermarket.(银行在超市对面。)(位置对立)
The policy is contrary to public interest.(这项政策违背公众利益。)(逻辑冲突)
总结:be contrary to 是表达“对立/违反”的核心短语,关键是记住其结构(be + contrary + to + 对象),并结合具体语境选择搭配。