该短语表示“警告/提醒某人不要做某事”“告诫某人提防做某事(以免发生危险/不良后果)”。
其中:
"warn"是核心动词,意为“警告;提醒”;
"against"是介词,表“反对;防止;提防”;
"doing sth."是动名词(短语),作"against"的宾语,指代“需要避免的行为”。
1、 基本结构:主语 + warn + 宾语(sb.) + against + 动名词(doing sth.)
强调“提醒某人避免某一具体行为”,通常是因为该行为有潜在风险、危害或不良后果。
2、 同义替换:可与 "warn sb. not to do sth." 互换(结构不同,但意思一致)。
例如:
Warn her against lying to the teacher. = Warn her not to lie to the teacher.
(警告她不要对老师撒谎。)
通过场景化例子理解用法:
安全提醒:The police warned residents against leaving their doors unlocked.
(警察警告居民不要不锁门。)
健康建议:My dentist warned me against eating too much candy.
(我的牙医告诫我不要吃太多糖。)
避免错误:His friend warned him against investing all his money in stocks.
(他的朋友警告他不要把所有钱都投进股票。)
提防危险:Parents always warn kids against talking to strangers.
(父母总是提醒孩子不要和陌生人说话。)
若需提醒“提防某事物(而非行为)”,可直接用 "warn sb. against sth."(sth.为名词/代词)。
例如:
Warn her against that suspicious man. (警告她提防那个可疑的男人。)
I warned him against the icy road. (我提醒他注意结冰的路面。)
"warn sb. against doing sth." 是强调“避免行为风险”的警告表达,核心是提醒对方“不要做某件可能带来麻烦的事”。结合具体场景记忆例子,更容易掌握~