"waste away" 是不及物动词短语,主要表示:
1、 (人因疾病、饥饿、悲伤等)逐渐消瘦;日渐虚弱(强调“缓慢、不可控的衰退”);
2、 (事物、情感、希望等抽象概念)逐渐消逝;慢慢衰退。
1、 主语:通常是人(描述身体状况)或抽象事物(如 hope、village、strength 等);
2、 常用搭配:常与表示原因的介词短语连用(如 from...、with...、as...),说明“消瘦/衰退的原因”;
3、 语法特点:不及物,不能接宾语(即不能说 "waste away sth.",只能说 "sth./sb. wastes away")。
After months of chemotherapy, she wasted away to just 40 kilograms.
(经过几个月的化疗,她瘦到只剩40公斤。)
The homeless man wasted away from lack of food and shelter.
(那个无家可归的人因缺吃少住而日渐虚弱。)
He wasted away with grief after his wife died.
(妻子去世后,他因悲伤逐渐消瘦。)
Her hope of finding her missing son wasted away as the years went by.
(随着岁月流逝,她寻找失踪儿子的希望逐渐破灭。)
The small town wasted away when the main factory closed down.
(主力工厂倒闭后,这个小镇逐渐衰败。)
His enthusiasm for the project wasted away after repeated failures.
(多次失败后,他对这个项目的热情慢慢消退了。)
lose weight:主动“减肥”(可控、有目的);
waste away:被动“消瘦”(不可控、因负面原因)。
例如:
She lost weight by exercising.(她通过运动减肥。)
She wasted away from a rare disease.(她因罕见疾病日渐消瘦。)
总结:"waste away" 强调“缓慢、不可逆的衰退”,无论是身体还是抽象事物,都带有“逐渐消耗殆尽”的负面感。