英语短语 come up 是一个常用的不及物动词短语(无被动语态,后面不直接接宾语),核心含义是“向上/向前移动”或“从无到有地出现”,具体意思需结合语境判断。以下是其最常见的义项及用法:
指问题、机会、困难等突然或自然地出现。
例句:A sudden rainstorm came up while we were hiking.(我们徒步时突然下起了暴雨。)
例句:A job opening in Paris came up last week—should I apply?(上周巴黎有个职位空缺——我应该申请吗?)
指从远处向对方移动,走到跟前。
例句:A stranger came up to me and asked for my phone number.(一个陌生人走近我,要我的电话号码。)
例句:The cat came up to the bowl and started eating.(猫走到碗边开始吃东西。)
指某个话题、名字或事情在对话、会议中被说到。
例句:Your plan came up during the team meeting this morning.(今天上午的团队会议中提到了你的计划。)
例句:The topic of salary never came up in our interview.(我们面试时从未提到薪资问题。)
指种子、植物发芽或长出地面。
例句:The daffodils are starting to come up—spring is here!(水仙花开始发芽了——春天来了!)
例句:I planted tomatoes last month, but they haven’t come up yet.(我上个月种了番茄,但还没发芽。)
指事件、日期快要到来(常用现在进行时表将来)。
例句:My birthday is coming up next week—can you come to my party?(我的生日下周就要到了——你能来参加派对吗?)
例句:Final exams are coming up, so I need to study hard.(期末考试快到了,我得努力学习。)
指天体从地平线升起(较书面)。
例句:The sun comes up at 5:30 a.m. these days.(这些天太阳五点半升起。)
例句:We waited for the moon to come up over the mountain.(我们等着月亮从山后升起。)
不及物:不能说 “come up a problem”,需说 “a problem came up”(问题出现了)。
常见搭配:
come up in + 场合(如 conversation/meeting):在…中被提及;
come up to + 人/物:走近…;
come up soon:即将发生。
易混淆短语:
come up with:想出;提出(及物,后接宾语,如 “come up with an idea” 想出一个主意)。
通过不同语境的例句,能更直观地掌握 come up 的灵活用法~