"keep from doing"是英语中常用的动词短语,核心含义是"阻止/克制(自己或他人)做某事",或"避免做某事"。它强调通过主观克制或客观阻碍,防止某个动作发生。以下是详细解析:
1、 克制自己不做某事(主语是"人",强调自我控制)
例:She kept from crying even though she was heartbroken.(尽管她心碎了,还是忍住了不哭。)
例:I can't keep from thinking about the exam results.(我忍不住想考试结果。)
注:否定形式"can't/couldn't keep from doing"表示"忍不住做某事"(无法克制自己),是常见搭配。
2、 阻止他人做某事(需带宾语"sb.",即"keep sb. from doing")
例:Please keep the kids from touching the hot stove.(请阻止孩子们碰热炉子。)
例:The rain kept us from going to the park.(下雨阻止了我们去公园。)
3、 避免做某事(强调主动规避某个行为)
例:Try to keep from making the same mistake again.(尽量避免再犯同样的错误。)
1、 结构搭配:
主语(人/物)+ keep from doing(自我克制/避免)
主语(人/物)+ keep sb. from doing(阻止他人)
被动语态:sb. be kept from doing(被阻止做某事)
例:He was kept from attending the meeting by his illness.(他因病未能参加会议。)
2、 与"keep sb. doing"的区别:
注意:"keep sb. doing" 是"让某人一直做某事"(持续动作),而"keep sb. from doing" 是"阻止某人做某事"(禁止动作),两者意思完全相反!
例:Keep him working.(让他一直工作。) vs. Keep him from working.(别让他工作/阻止他工作。)
3、 "from"不可省略:
若省略"from",短语会变成"keep doing"(持续做某事)或"keep sb. doing"(让某人持续做某事),与原义无关。因此"keep from doing"中的"from"必须保留。
自我克制:I had to keep from laughing at his silly joke.(我得忍住不笑他的傻笑话。)
阻止他人:The teacher kept the students from talking during the test.(老师禁止学生考试时说话。)
忍不住:She couldn't keep from hugging her son when she saw him.(见到儿子时,她忍不住拥抱了他。)
客观阻碍:The heavy traffic kept us from arriving on time.(堵车让我们没能准时到达。)
"keep from doing"的核心是"阻止/克制动作发生",关键是区分"自我克制"和"阻止他人"的用法,同时注意与"keep doing"的区别。掌握这些,就能准确使用这个短语啦!