“take on oneself”是一个英语短语,核心含义是“擅自决定/自作主张;主动承担(责任、任务等)”,强调个人主动(或未经授权)承担某事,语义色彩可褒可贬,取决于上下文。
短语中的“take on”本意为“承担、接纳”,加上“oneself”后,突出“由自己主动发起”的动作——要么是主动揽下责任(褒义),要么是没经过他人同意就擅自行动(贬义)。
该短语的常用结构有两种,关键区别在于宾语的形式:
这里的“it”是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式(to do sth),表示“擅自/主动去做某事”。
例:He took it on himself to cancel the meeting without telling the boss.
(他没告诉老板就自作主张取消了会议。)
When the teacher was away, Mary took it on herself to keep the class quiet.
(老师不在时,玛丽主动负责维持课堂纪律。)
直接后接具体的“责任、任务”等名词,表示“主动承担某责任/任务”。
例:She took on herself the responsibility of looking after her younger siblings.
(她主动承担起照顾弟弟妹妹的责任。)
He took on himself the task of organizing the company’s annual party.
(他主动揽下了组织公司年会的任务。)
褒义:强调“主动担当”(当无人愿意做时,自己站出来);
例:No one wanted to handle the difficult project, so John took it on himself.
(没人愿意处理这个困难项目,所以约翰主动承担了。)
贬义:强调“擅自作主”(未经过他人同意或授权);
例:You shouldn’t take it on yourself to make decisions for the whole team.
(你不该擅自为整个团队做决定。)
主动承担:volunteer oneself to do sth / take responsibility for sth
擅自行动:presume to do sth / act on one’s own authority
“take on oneself”的核心是“个人主动发起的行动”,重点区分“是否经过授权”——授权则是“主动承担”,未授权则是“自作主张”。记忆时结合常用结构(take it on oneself to do 或 take on oneself + 名词),并通过上下文判断语义色彩即可。