“have trouble with”是英语中常用的动词短语,核心含义是“在……方面有困难/麻烦;与……相处不好;(某物)在……上有故障”。
强调“在某个具体的人、事、物或问题上遇到阻碍、困难或冲突”,可以对应中文的“搞不定……”“和……合不来”“……出问题”等场景。
该短语的结构为:主语 + have/has/had + trouble + with + 名词/代词(注意:后面接名词或代词,不直接接动词;若要接动作,需用“have trouble (in) doing sth.”结构,如“have trouble speaking English”,但“have trouble with”后需接名词化的内容)。
指对某件具体的事情(如学习、工作、操作等)不擅长或遇到阻碍。
She has trouble with math—she can’t solve the equations.(她数学不好——不会解方程式。)
I have trouble with using this software—can you teach me?(我用不好这个软件——你能教我吗?)
(注:这里“using this software”是动名词短语,相当于名词,所以可以接在“with”后。)
指和某人关系紧张、有矛盾或沟通不畅。
He had trouble with his roommate last month—they fought over the noise.(他上个月和室友闹矛盾了——因为噪音吵架。)
Do you have trouble with your boss? He seems strict.(你和老板相处得不好吗?他看起来很严厉。)
指物品的某个部分或功能出现问题。
My phone has trouble with the battery—it dies quickly.(我的手机电池有问题——很快就没电。)
The car has trouble with the engine—it won’t start in cold weather.(这辆车发动机有问题——冷天启动不了。)
时态变化:根据语境可用不同时态(现在时、过去时、完成时等):
I have had trouble with my back since the fall.(自从摔倒后,我的背一直有问题。)(现在完成时,强调持续影响)
同义词替换:可与“have difficulty with”“have problems with”互换,含义基本一致:
She has difficulty with French = She has trouble with French.(她法语有困难。)
否定形式:表示“在……上没问题”,用“don’t/doesn’t/didn’t have trouble with”:
Don’t worry—I don’t have trouble with directions; I know the way.(别担心——我认路没问题,我知道怎么走。)
“have trouble with”是一个灵活的短语,核心是“针对具体对象的困难/麻烦”,关键要记住后面接名词或代词,若要表达“做某事有困难”,则用“have trouble (in) doing sth.”(in可省略)。通过具体例子结合语境,更容易掌握其用法~