"ebb and flow" 是一个源于潮汐现象的英语短语,核心含义是"起伏、消长、兴衰",既可以描述自然现象,也常用作比喻义,表达事物的动态变化。
1、 字面义:(潮水的)退涨、起落
"ebb" 指潮水退去,"flow" 指潮水涨起,合起来描述潮汐的自然周期。
例:The ebb and flow of the tide is predictable here—high tide at 8 AM, low tide at 2 PM.(这里的潮汐涨落很规律——早上8点涨潮,下午2点退潮。)
2、 比喻义:(事物的)起伏变化、兴衰交替
引申为抽象事物的"波动、消长",比如情绪、关系、事业、兴趣、形势等的"时好时坏、时起时落"。
例:Life is full of ebb and flow—you can't always be on top.(生活充满起伏——你不可能永远顺风顺水。)
"ebb and flow" 通常作为名词短语或动词短语使用,搭配灵活:
结构:the ebb and flow of sth(...的起伏/消长)
后面接抽象或具体的名词,描述其动态变化。
常见搭配:
the ebb and flow of life(生活的起伏)
the ebb and flow of emotions(情绪的波动)
the ebb and flow of a relationship(关系的起伏)
the ebb and flow of economic trends(经济趋势的消长)
the ebb and flow of popularity(人气的兴衰)
例:
She's learned to embrace the ebb and flow of her creative process—some days she writes a lot, others nothing.(她学会了接受创作过程的起伏——有些天她写很多,有些天什么都写不出来。)
The ebb and flow of public opinion on the issue has been dramatic over the past year.(过去一年,公众对这个问题的看法起伏很大。)
结构:sth ebbs and flows(某物起起落落/时有时无)
主语通常是抽象事物(如兴趣、精力、关注等),强调其动态变化的过程。
例:
His interest in painting has ebbed and flowed over the years—right now he's really into it again.(这些年来他对绘画的兴趣时高时低——现在他又重新热衷起来了。)
Energy levels often ebb and flow throughout the day, so it's best to schedule tough tasks when you're most alert.(精力水平全天都会起伏,所以最好在最清醒的时候安排艰巨的任务。)
该短语强调"周期性、自然性的变化",而非突然的、极端的波动;
作为名词时,通常需加定冠词the(因为是特指某事物的起伏);
动词用法中,主语不能是人(除非描述人的状态,如 "Her patience ebbs and flows when dealing with kids",但较少见)。
"ebb and flow" 是一个生动的短语,用自然现象类比人生或事物的变化,传递"变化是常态"的内涵。无论是描述潮汐、情绪还是事业,都能准确传达"起伏交替"的状态。