"with an average of" 是一个介词短语,用于补充说明某个主体/情况的“平均水平”,可译为:
平均为……;
以……的平均数;
(伴随)平均有……
它通常作为伴随状语,修饰前面的主句,用于补充主句中未明确的“平均指标”(如年龄、高度、速度、数量等),使信息更具体。
"with an average of" 的结构需结合具体指标(如 age/height/speed/profit 等)和数值,常见搭配有两种:
当主句已暗示指标时,"with an average of" 后可直接接“数值+指标”:
The factory produces 1000 cars monthly, with an average of 5 defects per car.
(这家工厂每月生产1000辆汽车,平均每辆有5个缺陷。)
The students spent 2 hours on homework daily, with an average of 90% accuracy.
(学生们每天花2小时做作业,平均准确率90%。)
若需强调具体“指标”(如年龄、身高),常用 "with an average + 指标名词 + of + 数值":
The class has 20 students, with an average age of 12.
(这个班有20名学生,平均年龄12岁。)
The trees in the forest are tall, with an average height of 20 meters.
(森林里的树很高,平均高度20米。)
The company’s annual revenue is $1 million, with an average profit margin of 15%.
(公司年收入100万美元,平均利润率15%。)
逻辑一致:后面的数值需与前面的主体/指标匹配,避免歧义。
错误:The class has 20 students with an average of 12 years old.("old"是形容词,不能直接接在"of"后)
正确:The class has 20 students with an average age of 12.(明确指标"age")
与"on average"的区别:
"on average" 是副词短语,强调“平均来说”,通常放句首或句中;
"with an average of" 是介词短语,强调“伴随的平均情况”,修饰主句。
示例:
On average, students spend 2 hours on homework.(平均来说,学生花2小时做作业。)
Students spend 2 hours on homework daily, with an average of 90% accuracy.(学生每天花2小时做作业,平均准确率90%。)
"with an average of" 常用于正式文本(如报告、研究、新闻),补充统计数据或细节:
The marathon runners finished in 4 hours, with an average pace of 10 minutes per mile.
(马拉松选手用4小时完成比赛,平均配速每英里10分钟。)
The survey found employees work 45 hours weekly, with an average of $20 per hour.
(调查发现员工每周工作45小时,平均时薪20美元。)
总结:"with an average of" 是描述“平均水平”的实用短语,核心是通过伴随状语补充主句的具体数值细节,需注意指标与数值的逻辑匹配。