英语短语"force sb. to do sth."的核心含义是:强迫/迫使某人做某事。它强调通过压力、权威或外部力量让对方不得不执行某个动作,带有明显的“不情愿”或“被迫”的情感色彩。
该短语是“及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构,具体成分如下:
主语:实施“强迫”行为的人或事物(如家长、老师、环境等);
force:谓语动词,意为“强迫、迫使”;
sb.:宾语,指“被强迫的人”;
to do sth.:不定式作宾语补足语(注意:此处的`to`不能省略,这是与`make sb. do sth.`的关键区别)。
The teacher forced the lazy student to finish his homework before leaving school.
老师强迫那个懒学生在放学前完成作业。
His parents forced him to learn the piano even though he hated it.
尽管他讨厌钢琴,父母还是强迫他学。
The bad weather forced us to cancel the picnic.
恶劣的天气迫使我们取消了野餐。
当强调“被强迫的人”时,可转换为被动语态,结构为:sb. be forced to do sth.(此时`to`仍需保留)。
The student was forced to finish his homework by the teacher.
那个学生被老师强迫完成作业。
She was forced to quit her job due to health problems.
由于健康问题,她被迫辞职。
注意与"make sb. do sth."(使某人做某事)的区别:
`force sb. to do`:强调整迫性,被强迫者通常不愿意;
`make sb. do`:强调“致使”,不一定有“强迫”,可能是客观要求或自然结果(且被动语态中`to`需还原,如`sb. be made to do`)。
force sth. on/upon sb.:把某物强加给某人(如:Don’t force your opinions on others. 别把你的观点强加给别人。)
force one’s way (into/out of...):强行挤入/冲出(如:He forced his way into the crowded room. 他强行挤进拥挤的房间。)
总结来说,"force sb. to do sth."是表达“强迫行为”的经典短语,核心是“通过外力让某人不情愿地做某事”,使用时需注意`to`的保留和语态转换。