"out of doors" 是一个介词短语,字面意为“在门之外”,引申为“在户外;露天;不在室内”(in the open air; outside a building)。它强调“脱离室内空间”的状态,与副词 "outdoors" 同义,但结构更正式(或更具书面感)。
"out of doors" 主要用作状语(修饰动词,说明动作发生的地点)或表语(跟在 be 动词后,描述主语的状态/位置),不能作定语(即不能直接修饰名词,如不能说 "out of doors activities",需用 "outdoor/outdoors activities")。
修饰动词,说明动作发生在户外:
We spent the whole weekend out of doors—hiking and camping.(我们整个周末都在户外——徒步和露营。)
She loves to practice yoga out of doors at sunrise.(她喜欢在日出时到户外练瑜伽。)
The kids were playing football out of doors when it started to rain.(孩子们正在户外踢足球,突然下起雨来。)
跟在 be 动词后,描述主语的位置或状态:
The wedding reception will be out of doors if the weather holds.(如果天气好,婚礼招待会将在露天举行。)
After being stuck inside all week, it felt great to be out of doors again.(被困在室内一整周后,再次回到户外感觉太棒了。)
"out of doors" 是介词短语,而 "outdoors" 是副词/形容词,二者含义几乎一致,但用法略有不同:
作状语:两者可互换("outdoors" 更口语化):
He works out of doors / outdoors every day.(他每天在户外工作。)
作定语:只能用 "outdoors" 或 "outdoor"(形容词):
Outdoor/outdoors activities are good for health.(户外活动有益健康。)(不能用 "out of doors activities")
作表语:两者均可,但 "out of doors" 更强调“脱离室内”:
The party is out of doors / outdoors tonight.(今晚的派对在户外。)
go out of doors(出去到户外):I need to go out of doors for some fresh air.(我需要出去呼吸点新鲜空气。)
stay out of doors(待在户外):The dog loves to stay out of doors all day.(这只狗喜欢整天待在户外。)
综上,"out of doors" 是表达“在户外”的正式短语,适用于书面或强调“脱离室内”的场景,用法上需注意它是介词短语,不能直接修饰名词。