该短语是及物动词短语,核心结构为:
主语:实施“冒充”行为的人(如 He/She/They/We 等);
宾语(sb.):被冒充的对象(可以是反身代词“oneself”,也可以是他人);
as 后的成分:冒充的目标身份(名词或名词短语,如 a doctor、her sister、a tourist 等)。
以下通过不同场景的例子说明其用法:
最常见的情况是“某人把自己冒充成……”,此时宾语用反身代词(himself/herself/themselves 等)。
He tried to pass himself off as a qualified lawyer to get the job.
(他试图把自己冒充成合格的律师来得到这份工作。)
The spy passed herself off as a tourist to avoid suspicion.
(间谍把自己假扮成游客以避免怀疑。)
主语将另一个人冒充成某身份,宾语为他人的名词或宾格代词。
They passed the stranger off as their cousin to let him stay.
(他们把陌生人冒充成表亲,好让他留下。)
She passed her younger brother off as herself to take the exam.
(她让弟弟冒充自己去考试。)
当“被冒充的人”作为主语时,可用被动结构:sb. be passed off as...
The fake prince was passed off as the real heir to the throne.
(假王子被假扮成真正的王位继承人。)
The student was passed off as a teacher by his friends for a prank.
(学生被朋友冒充成老师来恶作剧。)
即使“冒充”未成功,仍可使用该短语(常与 try to、attempt to 搭配)。
He tried to pass himself off as a chef, but his bad cooking gave him away.
(他试图冒充厨师,但糟糕的厨艺暴露了他。)
1、 介词固定:必须用 as 引出冒充的身份,不能替换为 like、for 等;
2、 代词宾格:宾语为代词时,需用宾格(如 pass him off as,而非 pass he off as);
3、 强调“让他人相信”:相比 pretend to be(单纯“假装”)或 pose as(“摆出……姿态”),pass sb. off as 更强调“通过手段使他人相信”的过程(即使未成功)。
pose as:更侧重“姿态上的假装”(如 He posed as a policeman. 他假装成警察。);
pretend to be:强调“主观上的假装”(如 She pretended to be sick. 她假装生病。);
pass sb. off as:强调“通过欺骗让他人相信”(需结合外部手段,如伪装、谎言)。
通过以上解释和例子,相信你已经掌握了 "pass sb. off as" 的核心用法~