"no matter" 是英语中常用的让步状语短语,核心含义是“无论;不管;不论”,用来引导让步状语从句,强调“不管情况如何,结果都不会改变”。
"no matter" 本身不能单独引导从句,必须与疑问词(what/who/when/where/why/how)搭配,构成 "no matter + 疑问词" 的结构,引导让步状语从句。从句的语序需为陈述语序(即“疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语”)。
以下是最常用的 "no matter + 疑问词" 结构及示例:
搭配 | 含义 | 例句 |
---|---|---|
no matter what | 无论什么(事/物) | No matter what you do, I will support you.(无论你做什么,我都会支持你。) |
no matter who | 无论谁 | No matter who calls, tell them I'm busy.(不管谁打电话,就说我很忙。) |
no matter when | 无论何时 | You can come over no matter when you want.(你想什么时候来都行。) |
no matter where | 无论何地 | No matter where you go, I'll follow you.(无论你去哪里,我都跟着你。) |
no matter why | 无论为什么 | No matter why she left, it's over now.(不管她为什么离开,现在都结束了。) |
no matter how | 无论怎样(程度/方式) | No matter how hard it is, I'll finish this task.(无论多难,我都会完成任务。) |
"no matter how" 后需接形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语,强调“无论多么……”:
No matter how tired you are, don't give up.(无论你多累,都别放弃。)(tired是形容词)
No matter how fast he runs, he can't catch up.(无论他跑多快,都追不上。)(fast是副词)
"no matter + 疑问词" 仅能引导让步状语从句;而 "wh-词-ever"(如whatever, whoever, whenever等)既可以引导让步状语从句,也可以引导名词性从句(主语/宾语/表语从句)。
例如:
让步状语从句(可互换):
No matter what you say = Whatever you say(无论你说什么)
名词性从句(只能用wh-词-ever):
I'll take whatever you give me.(我会接受你给我的任何东西。)(whatever引导宾语从句,不能换成no matter what)
"no matter" 引导的从句不能省略主语(即使主语和主句主语一致):
❌ No matter working hard, I fail.(错误)
✅ No matter how hard I work, I fail.(无论我多努力,还是失败。)(需补全主语I)
口语中常用 "no matter" 简化表达,但书面语中需完整结构。
"no matter" 是表达“让步”的关键短语,核心结构是 "no matter + 疑问词",用来强调“不管……,结果都不变”。记住搭配和语序,就能灵活运用啦!