英语中正确的短语是no sooner…than(注意拼写:sooner,而非sonner),它是一个表示时间紧密衔接的固定搭配,核心含义是:
使用时需注意时态搭配和倒装结构,这是考点和易错点:
主句(no sooner 引导的部分):用过去完成时(had + 过去分词)—— 因为前一个动作是“先发生且已完成”的;
从句(than 引导的部分):用一般过去时—— 后一个动作是“紧接着发生的过去动作”。
当no sooner 位于句首时,主句需要部分倒装(即把助动词“had”提到主语前面);若no sooner在句中,则无需倒装。
结构对比:正常语序:主语 + had + no sooner + 过去分词 + than + 主语 + 一般过去时动词
倒装语序:No sooner + had + 主语 + 过去分词 + than + 主语 + 一般过去时动词
I had no sooner left the house than it began to rain.
(我刚离开家,天就开始下雨了。)
She had no sooner finished her homework than her mom called her for dinner.
(她刚写完作业,妈妈就叫她吃饭了。)
(= 我刚离开家,天就下雨了。)
No sooner had the concert ended than the audience started cheering loudly.(音乐会刚结束,观众就开始大声欢呼。)
固定搭配:“no sooner”必须与“than”搭配,不能替换为when/while/as soon as(类似结构“hardly…when”才用when);
仅用于过去:该结构只能描述过去发生的动作,不能用于现在或将来(将来时用“as soon as”更合适,如:As soon as I arrive, I’ll call you.);
被动语态适用:主句可以是被动,例如:
No sooner had the new policy been announced than it caused a heated discussion.
(新政策刚宣布,就引发了热烈讨论。)
错误:No sooner I had left…(缺少倒装的助动词had)
正确:No sooner had I left…
错误:No sooner had I arrived when it rained.(误用when代替than)
正确:No sooner had I arrived than it rained.
错误:No sooner do I leave than it rains.(时态错误,不能用现在时)
正确:No sooner had I left than it rained.
综上,“no sooner…than”是强调“动作紧密衔接”的过去时态结构,核心是过去完成时+一般过去时和句首倒装。掌握这两点,就能正确使用啦!