“look as”本身并非独立的完整短语,它通常需要与其他成分搭配使用,形成两种常见的固定结构:“look as if/though + 从句” 和 “look as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 比较对象”。以下是具体解析:
表示“看起来好像/似乎”,用来描述主语给人的视觉印象或推测其状态。
“as if/though”是连词,引导表语从句(说明“look”的内容);
从句既可以用陈述语气(描述真实或可能的情况),也可以用虚拟语气(描述不真实或假设的情况);
可省略“if/though”,此时从句需部分倒装(较正式)。
1、 陈述语气(真实/可能):
He looks as if he didn’t sleep well last night.(他看起来好像昨晚没睡好。)
The sky looks as though it’s going to rain.(天空看起来要下雨了。)
2、 虚拟语气(不真实/假设):
She looks as if she had seen a ghost.(她看起来像见了鬼似的。)
(用过去完成时“had seen”表示与过去事实相反的假设——实际没见到鬼。)
He looks as if he were a millionaire.(他看起来像个百万富翁。)
(用“were”表示与现在事实相反的假设——实际不是。)
3、 省略“if/though”的倒装(较正式):
She looks as though she were angry. = She looks as were she angry.(她看起来好像在生气。)
表示“看起来和…一样…”,用于同级比较(两者在某方面程度相同)。
第一个“as”是副词,修饰后面的形容词/副词原级;
第二个“as”是连词(连接从句)或介词(连接名词/代词);
比较对象可以是“人/物”或“从句”(省略重复成分)。
1、 比较对象是“人/物”:
This cake looks as delicious as that one.(这个蛋糕看起来和那个一样好吃。)
He looks as tall as his father.(他看起来和他爸爸一样高。)
2、 比较对象是“从句”(省略重复动词):
She looks as happy as (she was) before.(她看起来和以前一样开心。)
The room looks as clean as (it was) when we left.(房间看起来和我们离开时一样干净。)
look like + 名词/代词:强调“外观上像某事物/人”(侧重“相似性”);
例:He looks like his brother.(他长得像他哥哥。)
look as if/though + 从句:强调“状态/情况看起来像”(侧重“推测”);
例:He looks as if he’s sick.(他看起来好像生病了。)
“look as”的核心用法是依附于其他结构:
1、 接“if/though + 从句” → 推测状态;
2、 接“原级 + as + 比较对象” → 同级比较。
单独使用“look as”(如“look as a teacher”)是错误的,需补充完整搭配。