英语短语"go down"是一个多义的不及物动词短语，核心含义围绕“向下、减弱、失败或发生”等方向，具体意思需结合语境判断。以下是其最常见的含义及用法解析：
指数值、程度或强度从高变低。
The price of oil went down by 10% this month.（油价本月下跌了10%。）
The music went down when the speaker started talking.（演讲者开始讲话时，音乐声变小了。）
The river level went down after the drought.（干旱后河水位下降了。）
描述天体从地平线消失的自然现象。
We sat on the beach and watched the sun go down.（我们坐在沙滩上看日落。）
The moon goes down in the west before dawn.（月亮在黎明前从西边落下。）
指交通工具因事故沉入水中或坠落。
The Titanic went down in 1912 after hitting an iceberg.（泰坦尼克号1912年撞冰山后沉没。）
The plane went down in the mountains due to engine failure.（飞机因引擎故障在山区坠毁。）
指吃/喝的东西顺利进入喉咙。
This medicine is bitter but easy to go down.（这药虽苦但容易咽下。）
The dry bread was hard to go down without water.（没有水的话，干面包很难咽下去。）
指目标或努力未能实现。
Their plan to open a café went down because of high rent.（他们开咖啡馆的计划因租金太高泡汤了。）
The company went down after the CEO resigned.（CEO辞职后，公司倒闭了。）
指状态从好变糟。
His reputation went down after the scandal.（丑闻后他的名声一落千丈。）
The quality of the product has gone down since they changed suppliers.（换供应商后，产品质量下降了。）
体育语境中表示“输球/比赛”。
Our team went down 2-1 to the defending champions.（我们队以1-2输给了卫冕冠军。）
The home side went down in the final minute of the game.（主队在比赛最后一分钟输了。）
指电子设备或系统无法正常工作。
The server went down during the peak shopping hour.（服务器在购物高峰时段崩溃了。）
My phone goes down every time I use that app.（我每次用那个应用，手机就会死机。）
表示“生病”，后接疾病名称。
I went down with flu last week and had to stay home.（我上周得了流感，不得不待在家里。）
Many students went down with a stomach bug after the school trip.（学校旅行后，很多学生染上了肠胃病。）
表示“被记录下来；被记住”。
Her bravery will go down in history.（她的勇敢将载入史册。）
That concert went down in our family’s memory as the best ever.（那场音乐会是我们家记忆中最棒的一次。）
指想法、行为或事物被他人接受的程度。
The new policy went down well with the employees.（新政策很受员工欢迎。）
His joke went down badly at the meeting.（他的笑话在会上很不受待见。）
1、 不及物属性："go down"是不及物动词短语，无被动语态（不能说“sth. is gone down”）。
2、 语境依赖：含义需结合上下文判断（如“go down”在“sun”后是“落下”，在“price”后是“下降”）。
3、 口语化：部分用法（如“go down well”“go down with flu”）更常见于日常口语。
| 语境 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 数值/程度 | 下降 | The temperature went down to 0°C. |
| 天体 | 落下 | The sun goes down at 7 PM. |
| 交通工具 | 沉没/坠毁 | The ship went down in the storm. |
| 食物/饮料 | 咽下 | This pill is hard to go down. |
| 计划/事业 | 失败 | Their business went down quickly. |
| 比赛 | 输掉 | We went down 3-0. |
| 系统/设备 | 崩溃 | The Wi-Fi went down again. |
| 疾病 | 染上（with） | She went down with a cold. |
| 历史/记忆 | 载入（in） | His name will go down in history. |
| 他人反应 | 受欢迎/不受欢迎（well/badly） | The idea went down well. |
通过以上分类，你可以快速根据上下文场景判断"go down"的具体含义，避免混淆。