“prop sb. up”是一个常用的英语短语,核心含义是“支撑/扶持某人”,可根据语境分为字面义和引申义,以下是详细解析:
“prop”作动词时原指“用支撑物固定(物体)以防倒塌”,引申到“人”时,可表示身体上的支撑、精神上的支持,或对人/事物的扶持(如经济、事业上)。
指用实物(如枕头、拐杖等)托住某人的身体,使其保持稳定(避免摔倒或更舒适)。
搭配:`prop sb. up with sth.`(用某物支撑某人)
例句:
She propped her sick mother up with pillows so she could sit and eat.
(她用枕头支撑生病的母亲,让她能坐着吃饭。)
The elderly man was propped up by his walker as he slowly crossed the street.
(老人靠助行器支撑着,慢慢过马路。)
指在某人情绪低落、困境中给予情感支撑,帮助其“撑过难关”。
搭配:`prop sb. up during/in...`(在…期间支持某人)
例句:
His friends propped him up during his divorce—they listened to him and brought him meals.
(他离婚期间,朋友们支持他——倾听他的倾诉,给他带饭。)
I don’t know how I’d have gotten through the grief without my sister propping me up.
(没有姐姐的支持,我真不知道怎么熬过那段悲伤。)
指通过资源、资金或权力帮助某人/机构“维持存在”(避免失败或崩溃),常含“临时救急”的意味。
搭配:`prop up sb./sth.`(扶持某人/某物,名词可放中间或后面;代词必须放中间)
例句:
The government propped up the failing bank to prevent a financial crisis.
(政府扶持这家濒临倒闭的银行,以防金融危机。)
His wealthy uncle propped him up when his business started to fail.
(他的生意开始衰退时,富有的叔叔资助了他。)
宾语位置:若宾语是代词(如him/her/it),必须放在“prop”和“up”中间(如`prop him up`,不能说`prop up him`);若宾语是名词,可放中间或后面(如`prop the patient up`或`prop up the patient`)。
与“support”的区别:“prop up”更强调“临时/紧急支撑”(防止倒塌/崩溃),而“support”更通用(可指长期、全面的支持)。例如:
The tent was propped up with sticks.(帐篷用树枝临时支撑——强调“防止倒塌”)
My family supports me financially.(家人经济上支持我——长期、全面)
“prop sb. up”的核心是“让某人/物不倒下”,无论是身体、精神还是事业上的“支撑”。理解时结合语境,就能准确把握其含义~