它强调“未处于受雇状态”的客观事实,语气比口语化的 "be out of work" 更正式,比单个形容词 "unemployed" 更强调“脱离 employment(雇佣关系)”的状态。
该短语的核心结构是 "be + out of + employment",其中:
主语:通常是“人”(表示“某人失业”);
时态:根据语境选择(常用一般现在时表当前状态,现在完成时表持续状态);
修饰成分:可加时间状语(如 "for + 时间段" / "since + 时间点")说明失业时长。
1、 当前状态(一般现在时):
He is out of employment because his company went bankrupt.
(他失业了,因为他的公司破产了。)
2、 持续状态(现在完成时):
She has been out of employment for over a year and is struggling financially.
(她失业已逾一年,经济上很困难。)
3、 过去状态(一般过去时):
Thousands of workers were out of employment during the 2008 financial crisis.
(2008年金融危机期间,数千工人失业。)
4、 否定/反义:其反义词是 "be in employment"(有工作;处于受雇状态):
Most of the graduates are now in employment.
(大多数毕业生现在已就业。)
表达 | 语气/场景 | 例子 |
---|---|---|
be out of employment | 正式书面语(报告、新闻等) | The survey shows 5% of adults are out of employment. |
be out of work | 口语化(日常对话) | I've been out of work since March. |
be unemployed | 中性/正式(通用) | He's unemployed and looking for a job. |
"be out of employment" 是正式场合下描述“失业”的表达,适用于书面文本或需要严谨性的语境。使用时注意结合时态和时间状语,清晰传达“失业”的状态或时长。