"descend to doing sth."是一个带贬义的英语短语,核心含义是“降低身份(或原则)去做某事”“沦落到做某事”,强调行为人从原本的较高状态(如道德水准、社会地位、个人底线等)“下沉”到做不符合其身份或原则的事,隐含失望、批评或惊讶的情绪。
descend:原指“物理上的下降”(如飞机降落、电梯下行),引申为“(身份、标准、道德等的)降低”;
to:此处是介词(而非不定式符号),后接动名词(doing sth.),表示“达到(某种低级/不该有的行为状态)”。
1、 结构:主语(通常是人)+ descend to + 动名词(doing sth.)
关键提醒:“to”是介词,后面必须接动名词(不能接动词原形!)
2、 语境特点:
用于描述“原本不会/不该做的事,现在却做了”,突出行为的“掉价”或“越界”;
搭配的行为多为不道德、低俗或有失身份的事(如说谎、偷窃、辱骂、作弊等)。
3、 语气:自带负面评价,传达说话者对行为人的失望(“没想到你会这么做”)或批评(“你不该降到这种程度”)。
He’s a gentleman— I never thought he would descend to spreading rumors about his colleagues.
(他是个绅士——我从没想过他会沦落到传播同事的谣言。)
After losing his job, he was so desperate that he descended to stealing food from the convenience store.
(失业后他太绝望了,以至于沦落到从便利店偷食物。)
Don’t descend to their petty tricks— you’re better than that.
(别沦落到用他们那些卑鄙手段——你不该这么掉价。)
The politician once claimed to be honest, but he descended to bribing voters to win the election.
(那位政客曾声称自己诚实,但为了赢选举,他沦落到贿赂选民。)
与“stoop to doing sth.”完全同义,均表示“屈尊/沦落到做某事”,可互换使用:
She’s too proud to stoop to begging for money.
(她太骄傲了,不会沦落到乞讨要钱。)
He would never stoop to cheating on an exam— his integrity matters more.
(他绝不会沦落到考试作弊——他更看重 integrity [正直]。)
无被动语态:主语是“主动降低标准的人”,不能说“sth. is descended to doing”;
避免褒义场景:该短语只用于负面行为,不能说“I descended to volunteering”( volunteering是好事,无需“降低身份”);
常见变体:有时会用“descend to + 名词”(本质一致,名词替代动名词),如:
He descended to violence when arguments didn’t work.
(争论没用时,他沦落到使用暴力。)
总结:"descend to doing sth."是描述“从高到低”的负面行为变化,核心是“不该做的事,却做了”。使用时需结合语境,突出行为的“掉价”或“越界”。