"hope to do sth."是英语中常用的动词短语,意为“希望做某事”,表达主语对未来某一动作或状态的期待。
该短语的结构和使用规则需注意以下几点:
"hope"是心理动词,只能由“人”作为主语(表示人的期望),不能用物作主语。
正确:I hope to pass the exam.(我希望通过考试。)
错误:The book hopes to sell well.(书希望卖得好——应改为:The book is expected to sell well.)
"hope"后面只能接不定式(to do)表示“希望做的具体动作”,不能接动名词(doing)。
正确:She hopes to learn Spanish next term.(她希望下学期学西班牙语。)
错误:She hopes learning Spanish next term.
否定结构直接在"hope"后加"not",即“希望不做某事”。
I hope not to be late for the meeting.(我希望开会不迟到。)
"hope"没有“hope sb. to do”的结构(即不能直接接“宾语+不定式”)。若要表达“希望某人做某事”,需用宾语从句(hope that...),从句常用将来时(will/shall)。
错误:I hope you to come early.(我希望你早点来。)
正确:I hope (that) you will come early.(that可省略)
We hope to travel to Japan during the holiday.(我们希望假期去日本旅行。)
He hopes to get a promotion this year.(他希望今年得到晋升。)
They hope not to miss the train.(他们希望不要错过火车。)
总结:"hope to do sth."是表达个人未来期望的常用结构,关键要记住“人作主语+不定式作宾语”,且避免“hope sb. to do”的错误用法~