"restrain sb. from doing" 是英语中常用的动词短语,意为 "阻止某人做某事;约束某人不做某事"。
其中:
restrain 本身是及物动词,强调通过克制、限制、约束(行为/欲望)来阻止动作发生(带有"主动施加约束"的意味);
from 是介词,引出被"阻止/约束"的具体行为;
doing 是动名词,代表被禁止的动作。
主语(施加约束的人/物) + restrain + 宾语(被约束的人) + from + 动名词(被阻止的动作)
能施加"约束/阻止"的主体可以是:
人(如父母、老师、警察等);
物(如法律、规则、道德等);
抽象概念(如自我克制、理智等)。
通过具体场景理解用法:
1、 人作主语:
Parents should restrain their kids from playing with fire.
父母应该阻止孩子玩火。
The security guard restrained the man from entering the restricted area.
保安阻止那名男子进入限制区域。
2、 物/规则作主语:
Laws restrain people from committing crimes.
法律约束人们不犯罪。
The school rules restrain students from using mobile phones in class.
校规禁止学生在课堂使用手机。
3、 抽象概念作主语:
She tried to restrain herself from laughing at his silly joke.
她努力克制自己不嘲笑他的愚蠢笑话。
理智(Reason)restrained him from making an impulsive decision.
理智阻止他做出冲动的决定。
"restrain sb. from doing" 与 "prevent sb. from doing" 意思相近,但侧重点不同:
restrain:更强调"主动克制/约束"(比如自我控制、他人的管束);
prevent:更强调"阻止结果发生"(比如客观障碍、外部因素)。
例:
He restrained himself from eating too much cake.(他克制自己不吃太多蛋糕→主动约束)
The rain prevented us from going out.(下雨阻止我们外出→客观障碍)
"from" 后面必须接动名词(doing),不能接不定式(to do);
可用于被动语态:sb. be restrained from doing(某人被阻止做某事)。
例:He was restrained from speaking at the meeting.(他在会议上被阻止发言。)
总结:"restrain sb. from doing" 是表达"约束/阻止某人行为"的常用短语,核心在于"主动施加限制",结合具体主语和场景使用即可。