“bump down”是一个多义短语,核心关联“颠簸”或“下降/降级”的动作,具体含义需结合语境判断。以下是详细解析:
强调交通工具在崎岖、起伏或下坡路上行驶时的“颠簸感”,通常作不及物动词,主语为车辆、船只等,后接表示路径的介词短语(如`down the road/hill`)。
例句:
The old van bumped down the muddy track to the farm.(那辆旧货车在泥泞的小路上颠簸着驶向农场。)
We bumped down the rocky hill in the jeep, holding onto our seats tightly.(我们坐着吉普车沿岩石山坡颠簸而下,紧紧抓住座位。)
指将某人或某物从较高层级“下调”到较低层级,作及物动词,常见结构为`bump sb/sth down (to sth)`(把某人/某物降到…)。
例句:
After the mistake, she was bumped down from senior editor to junior writer.(犯错后,她从高级编辑降为初级撰稿人。)
The company bumped down all part-time workers’ hourly wages to cut costs.(公司为削减成本,降低了所有兼职员工的时薪。)
搭配介词:
表“颠簸行进”:常接`down + 路径`(如`down the street`/`down the mountain`);
表“降级”:常接`to + 目标层级`(如`to a lower position`/`to minimum wage`)。
与“bump up”的对比:
`bump up`意为“提高/升级”(如`bump up the salary`涨薪),与`bump down`构成反义。
1、 颠簸场景:The train bumped down the tracks through the countryside, making us spill our coffee.(火车沿着铁轨颠簸着穿过乡村,让我们的咖啡洒了出来。)
2、 降级场景:He was bumped down to the night shift after arguing with his boss.(和老板争执后,他被调到了夜班。)
简言之,“bump down”的核心是“向下的颠簸或调整”——要么是物理上的“颠簸行驶”,要么是抽象的“层级下降”。理解语境是掌握其用法的关键~