"finish doing sth." 是英语中常用的动词短语,意为“完成做某事;做完某事”。
其中:
"finish" 是核心动词,表“结束;完成”;
"doing sth." 是动名词短语,作"finish"的宾语,说明“完成的具体动作”。
1、 主语通常是人(偶尔也可指物,但常见主语为人),表示“某人完成了某个动作”。
2、 必须接动名词(doing),不能接不定式(to do)!(易错点:千万不要说"finish to do sth.",这是语法错误。)
3、 可用于多种时态(根据语境调整"finish"的形式):
一般现在时(主语三单时用"finishes");
一般过去时("finished");
现在完成时("have/has finished");
将来时(需借助"will"或"be going to",如"will finish doing")。
一般过去时(强调过去完成的动作):
I finished doing my homework at 8 p.m. yesterday.
(我昨天晚上8点做完了作业。)
现在完成时(强调动作对现在的影响):
She has finished reading that novel. Let's ask her about it.
(她已经读完那本小说了。我们问问她吧。)
一般现在时(三单):
He always finishes cleaning his room before going out.
(他出门前总是会把房间打扫完。)
将来时:
We will finish preparing the party by Friday.
(我们会在周五前完成派对的准备工作。)
否定形式:在"finish"前加否定词(如"don't/doesn't/didn't/ haven't"等),例如:
I didn't finish doing the dishes because I was tired.
(我没洗完碗,因为我累了。)
疑问句:将助动词提前,例如:
Have you finished writing the report yet?
(你写完报告了吗?)
易错点:不能用不定式!比如“我完成了吃饭”不能说"I finished to eat.",必须说"I finished eating."。
总结:"finish doing sth." 是“完成具体动作”的标准表达,重点记牢接动名词的规则,就能准确使用啦~