英语短语do duty for的核心含义是“充当;代替;起…的作用”,强调临时/应急状态下,用A代替B发挥功能(即“凑合用A来顶B的用”)。以下是详细解析:
指某事物(或人)在缺乏原物/原角色时,临时承担其功能,突出“代用、权宜之计”的意味。
主语:通常是具体事物(偶尔可指人,用于抽象场景);
宾语:原本需要的事物或角色(即“被替代的对象”)。
描述用手边的物品代替缺失的工具/容器:
This cardboard box will do duty for a drawer until we buy a new one.(买新抽屉前,这个纸箱可以当抽屉用。)
When I forgot my towel, I used my T-shirt to do duty for it.(忘带毛巾时,我用T恤代替擦身。)
强调“紧急情况下的替代”:
A coin can do duty for a screwdriver if you need to loosen a small screw.(如果要拧小螺丝,硬币可以当螺丝刀用。)
In the forest, a sharp stone did duty for a knife to cut the rope.(在森林里,锋利的石头代替刀割断了绳子。)
用于抽象的“填补缺失”,如经验、特质等:
Her sense of humor does duty for the shyness she feels in crowds.(她的幽默感弥补了在人群中的羞怯。)
The old letter does duty for the conversation we never had.(这封旧信代替了我们从未进行的对话。)
短语 | 区别 |
---|---|
do duty for | 侧重“临时、凑合用”,口语化,强调“权宜之计”。 |
serve as | 更正式,可指长期/固定的“充当”(如“A bench serves as a seat.” 长凳当座位)。 |
act as | 强调“扮演角色”(如“He acted as our translator.” 他当我们的翻译)。 |
take the place of | 侧重“完全取代”(如“AI is taking the place of some jobs.” AI取代部分工作)。 |
过去式:did duty for(如The blanket did duty for a tent last night. 昨晚毯子当帐篷用了。)
现在分词:doing duty for(如That bucket is doing duty for a flower pot. 那个桶正当花盆用。)