"be afraid of doing sth." 是英语中表达情感或担忧的常用短语,基本含义为:
其中:
"be afraid" 是核心结构,表示“感到害怕/担忧”;
"of" 是介词,后接动名词(doing)作宾语,说明害怕的具体对象或内容。
该短语主要用于以下两种场景:
强调主语对“执行某个具体行为”感到害怕,通常是因为动作本身可能带来伤害、痛苦或心理压力。
例:
She is afraid of swimming in the deep sea.(她害怕在深海游泳。)
The little boy is afraid of touching the dog.(小男孩害怕摸狗。)
此时并非害怕“做动作”本身,而是担心该动作会引发不好的结果。
例:
I'm afraid of missing the last bus home.(我担心赶不上最后一班回家的公交车。)
He is afraid of forgetting his girlfriend's birthday.(他担心忘记女朋友的生日。)
很多人会混淆 "be afraid of doing" 和 "be afraid to do",两者核心差异在于:
结构 | 含义 | 侧重点 | 例句 |
---|---|---|---|
be afraid of doing | 害怕做某事 / 担心某事发生 | 动作本身或其结果 | She is afraid of climbing trees.(害怕爬树的动作) I'm afraid of losing my job.(担心失业的结果) |
be afraid to do | 不敢做某事(因害怕后果而不敢行动) | 因恐惧而“不敢”执行动作 | She is afraid to climb trees.(不敢爬树,怕摔下来) He is afraid to tell the truth.(不敢说真话,怕被批评) |
主语通常是人(表示人的情感),如:I/you/he/she/they 等;
"of" 后可接名词(如:be afraid of snakes 害怕蛇)或动名词(doing);
否定形式:be not afraid of doing sth.(不害怕做某事),如:He is not afraid of speaking in public.(他不害怕当众演讲。)
总结:"be afraid of doing sth." 是表达“恐惧或担忧”的实用短语,核心是通过“of + 动名词”说明害怕的具体内容,需结合场景区分是“怕动作本身”还是“怕结果”,并注意与 "be afraid to do" 的差异。