“hold breath”本身是不完整的常用短语,正确形式应为“hold one's breath”(one's 需根据主语替换为 my/your/his/her/their 等物主代词)。以下是详细解析:
1、 字面义:屏住呼吸(生理动作,暂时停止呼吸);
2、 引申义:屏息等待;翘首以盼(因紧张、期待而心跳加速,仿佛停止呼吸)。
结构:主语 + hold + one's + breath
用于描述“为避免发出声音、潜水或应对刺激而停止呼吸”的动作。
Hold your breath and jump into the pool.(屏住呼吸跳进泳池。)
He held his breath while sneaking past the sleeping dog.(他蹑手蹑脚经过睡着的狗时,屏住了呼吸。)
用于表达“因紧张、期待某件事的结果而非常专注”的状态。
The whole audience held their breath as the gymnast did her final flip.(体操运动员做最后一个空翻时,全场观众都屏息以待。)
We're holding our breath for the exam results.(我们正焦急等待考试结果。)
A: Do you think he'll keep his promise?(你觉得他会信守诺言吗?)
B: Don't hold your breath.(别抱希望了。)
短语中的one's 必须与主语一致:I hold my breath / You hold your breath / They hold their breath;
过去式/过去分词形式:held one's breath(如:She held her breath when the door creaked. 门吱呀一声开时,她屏住了呼吸。);
不可省略物主代词(hold breath 是错误表达,需补全 one's)。
“hold one's breath”是描述“屏息”或“紧张期待”的常用短语,既可以指生理动作,也可引申为心理状态;而“don't hold your breath”是高频习语,用于否定对方的期待。