英语短语 "by this standard" 的核心含义是 “按照这个标准/根据这一准则”,用于连接前文提及的具体标准与后续的判断、比较或结果,强调“以某一既定规则为依据”进行评价。
by:表示“依据、按照”(through the means of / in accordance with);
this standard:“这个标准”,其中this指代前文明确提到的某个具体标准/准则(如评分体系、衡量指标、判断规则等)。
该短语通常作为句首或句中的状语(常用逗号分隔),用于分析、评价或论证,核心逻辑是:先提出“标准A”,再用“by this standard”引出“根据标准A得出的结论B”。
先明确标准,再用“by this standard”指出某人/某事是否满足该标准。
例子:The school defines "top students" as those with an average grade above 95. By this standard, only 3 students in our class qualify.
(学校将“尖子生”定义为平均分95以上的学生。按照这个标准,我们班只有3人达标。)
We measure "sustainability" by water usage per unit product. By this standard, the new factory is much greener than the old one.
(我们用“单位产品耗水量”衡量“可持续性”。根据这一准则,新工厂比旧工厂环保得多。)
通过“by this standard”将当前情况与标准挂钩,得出推论。
例子:A good novel should make you think deeply. By this standard, the book you recommended is a masterpiece.
(好小说应该让你深度思考。按照这个标准,你推荐的书是杰作。)
The company’s policy states that overtime must be approved in advance. By this standard, your extra hours last week won’t be paid.
(公司规定加班必须提前审批。根据这一规定,你上周的额外工时不会算加班费。)
突出“以某标准为依据”,避免歧义。
例子:Some people judge art by its price, but I judge it by emotional impact. By this standard (emotional impact), that painting is priceless.
(有人用价格判断艺术,但我用情感共鸣。按照这个标准(情感共鸣),那幅画是无价的。)
必须有前文指代:“this standard”的“this”是指示代词,前面必须明确提到具体的“标准”(不能单独说“By this standard, he is good.”,需先说明“什么标准”);
语境正式/中性:可用于书面(论文、报告)或口语(讨论、评价),但更偏向理性分析的场景;
位置灵活:可放句首(强调标准)、句中(插入说明)或句尾(补充依据),但通常用逗号分隔。
“by this standard”是“标准-判断”逻辑的连接词,核心功能是“用前文的标准来框定后续结论”,让评价更清晰、有依据。记住:先有“标准”,再用“by this standard”!