“by memory”是一个常用的英语短语,核心含义是“凭记忆;靠记忆(不借助笔记、书本或其他辅助工具)”。它强调“依靠自身记忆完成某件事”的方式,是描述动作方式的状语。
“by memory” = relying on what you remember, without using notes, books, or other aids(依赖自己的记忆,不使用笔记、书本或其他辅助工具)。
“by memory”通常作为方式状语,放在动词或动词短语之后,说明“做某事的方式是‘凭记忆’”。常见搭配的动词包括:
recite(背诵)、repeat(重复):recite a poem by memory(凭记忆背诵诗歌)
play(演奏)、sing(演唱):play the piano piece by memory(凭记忆演奏钢琴曲)
write(写)、draw(画):write the address by memory(凭记忆写地址)
do(做)、cook(烹饪):do the experiment by memory(凭记忆做实验)
1、 日常场景:
Can you sing the national anthem by memory?(你能凭记忆唱国歌吗?)
I don’t need the recipe—I can make this cake by memory.(我不需要菜谱,我能凭记忆做这个蛋糕。)
2、 正式/书面场景:
The actor delivered his lines by memory, without looking at the script.(演员凭记忆说台词,没看剧本。)
She recalled the details of the accident by memory, as she hadn’t written anything down.(她凭记忆回忆事故细节,因为没写下来。)
两者几乎可以互换,都表示“凭记忆”,但细微差别:
by memory 更强调“通过记忆这个手段/方式”(focus on the method of using memory);
from memory 更强调“从记忆中提取内容”(focus on the source of information, i.e., your memory)。
例如:
He played the song by memory(强调“用记忆的方式演奏”)。
He told me the story from memory(强调“故事来自他的记忆”)。
注意不要和 in memory of 混淆:
“in memory of” 是“为了纪念;缅怀”(e.g., We held a concert in memory of the famous musician. 我们举办音乐会纪念那位著名音乐家。)
总结:“by memory”是描述“不借助外力、纯靠记忆完成动作”的常用短语,只要记住它是方式状语,搭配“做某事”的动词,就能轻松使用~