“ask for”是英语中常用的短语动词,核心含义是“请求;要求;索要;寻求”,具体用法和语境相关,以下是详细解析:
“ask for”强调主动向他人提出需求或索取某物,动作的指向性明确(需说明“要什么”或“向谁要”)。
直接接“所求之物”,表示“索要/请求某物”。
I need to ask for a sick leave tomorrow.(我明天需要请病假。)
Could you ask for a cup of coffee for me?(你能帮我要一杯咖啡吗?)
He asked for the bill after dinner.(晚饭后他要了账单。)
向某人索要/请求某物(最常用的结构,明确“对象”和“内容”)。
She asked her parents for permission to go to the party.(她向父母请求允许去派对。)
Don’t hesitate to ask me for help if you need it.(如果你需要帮助,随时找我。)
The child asked the shopkeeper for a lollipop.(孩子向店主要了一根棒棒糖。)
表示“要求见(某人)”或“找(某人)”(常用于电话、接待场景)。
A man called just now and asked for you.(刚才有人打电话找你。)
If you have a complaint, ask for the manager.(如果有投诉,请找经理。)
引申为“自找麻烦;招祸”(口语中常用)。
If you drive so fast, you’re asking for trouble.(你开这么快,简直是自找麻烦。)
Don’t argue with him—you’re just asking for trouble.(别和他争论,你是在自讨苦吃。)
ask 是及物动词,可接从句或复合宾语(ask sb. to do sth.),表示“询问;让某人做某事”:
He asked me where I lived.(他问我住在哪里。)
She asked me to open the door.(她让我开门。)
ask for 是短语动词,侧重“索取/请求具体事物”,不能直接接从句或不定式,需接名词/代词:
错误:He asked for where I lived.(需改为 He asked where I lived.)
正确:He asked for my address.(他索要我的地址。)
ask for help 求助
ask for advice 征求意见
ask for forgiveness 请求原谅
ask for permission 请求许可
ask for a raise 要求加薪
总之,“ask for”的关键是“明确需求的内容或对象”,用在需要“主动索取”的场景中,结合具体语境灵活使用即可。