“off the cuff”是一个口语化的英语短语,核心含义是“即兴的、未经准备的”(without preparation or planning)。
这个表达源于早期人们的一个习惯:过去,有些人会在衬衫或西装的袖口(cuff)上快速记笔记或关键词,以便在演讲或对话时临时参考。后来逐渐引申为“没有提前准备,现场即兴发挥”的意思。
“off the cuff”既可以作副词短语(修饰动词),也可以作形容词短语(修饰名词,此时需要加连字符“off-the-cuff”)。
结构:动词 + off the cuff
例子:
She answered the reporter's question off the cuff (她即兴回答了记者的问题)。
He can speak off the cuff for hours without getting bored (他能即兴讲几个小时都不无聊)。
结构:off-the-cuff + 名词(连字符不可少,因为是复合形容词修饰名词)
例子:
That was an off-the-cuff joke—he didn't plan it (那是个即兴笑话,他没提前准备)。
I don't like giving off-the-cuff presentations; I need to practice first (我不喜欢做即兴演讲,我需要先练习)。
make an off-the-cuff remark:发表即兴评论
respond off the cuff:即兴回应
an off-the-cuff speech:即兴演讲
off-the-cuff humor:即兴幽默
impromptu:更正式,强调“临时安排的”(如 impromptu performance 即兴表演);
extemporaneous:偏书面,指“脱稿但有一定准备”(如 extemporaneous speech 即席演讲);
off the cuff:最口语化,强调“完全没准备,脱口而出”。
“off the cuff”本质是描述“无准备的即兴状态”,关键区分是:
修饰动词→不用连字符(off the cuff);
修饰名词→用连字符(off-the-cuff)。
日常对话中很常用,比如形容某人“嘴快”“临时想出来的话/事”。