"be at war" 是一个状态类短语动词,表示(国家、团体或个人)处于战争状态;正在交战。强调“战争持续的状态”,而非“开始战争”的动作。
通常是国家、民族、组织等集体名词,也可引申为个人(内心矛盾)。
国家/组织:The two nations are at war.(这两个国家处于战争状态。)
个人(引申):She's at war with herself about moving abroad.(她在是否移居国外的问题上内心矛盾。)
be at war with + 对象:表示“与……交战”(with 引出交战的另一方)。
例:The country has been at war with its neighbor for a decade.(这个国家与邻国交战已十年。)
无宾语:直接描述状态(默认上下文已知交战对象)。
例:When I was born, my home country was at war.(我出生时,我的祖国正处于战争中。)
根据语境使用不同时态,突出战争状态的时间跨度:
一般现在时(描述当前状态):The region is still at war.(该地区仍处于战争中。)
一般过去时(描述过去的状态):They were at war during World War II.(二战期间他们处于战争状态。)
现在完成时(强调状态持续至今):The two factions have been at war since 2018.(这两个派系自2018年以来一直交战。)
"be at war":状态(持续的“在战争中”);
"go to war":动作(开始战争,“宣战/开战”)。
例:After the attack, they went to war. Now they are at war.(袭击后他们宣战了,现在正处于战争中。)
除了实际战争,"be at war with oneself" 是常见的比喻义,表示“内心矛盾;自我挣扎”(内心像在“打仗”)。
例:He's at war with himself over choosing between his career and family.(他在事业和家庭之间挣扎不已。)
"be at war" 核心是“处于战争状态”,重点在“持续的状态”,常用搭配 "with" 引出交战对象,也可引申为个人内心的矛盾。记住与 "go to war"(动作)的区别,就能准确使用啦!