"on the run"是英语中多义且高频的短语,核心围绕“动态状态”展开,需结合语境理解具体含义。以下是详细解析:
字面为“处于奔跑/移动状态中”,引申为三类常用义:躲避追捕、忙碌奔波、匆忙进行。
指罪犯、嫌疑人未被抓获,处于逃避追捕的状态,多作表语(be动词后)。
例句:
The murder suspect has been on the run since the crime.(谋杀嫌疑人作案后一直在逃。)
Police finally caught the thief who had been on the run for months.(警方最终抓获了逃亡数月的小偷。)
同义词:on the lam(非正式口语,更接地气)。
描述人因事务繁多,持续处于“移动+忙碌”的状态,无法停下,常与时间词(all day/week)搭配,作表语。
例句:
I’ve been on the run all morning—meetings, emails, and a doctor’s appointment!(我一早上都忙得脚不沾地——开会、回邮件,还要看医生!)
She’s always on the run with her kids’ school events and work deadlines.(她总是为孩子的学校活动和工作截止日期奔波。)
近义词:run off one’s feet(忙得脚不沾地)、busy as a bee(像蜜蜂一样忙)。
强调“边移动/奔跑边做某事”,即动作与移动同时发生,作状语(修饰动词)。
结构:do sth. on the run(匆忙做某事)
例句:
He ate his breakfast on the run because he missed the bus.(他因为错过公交,边跑边吃早饭。)
We grabbed our jackets and left on the run when it started raining.(开始下雨时,我们抓起外套就匆忙出门。)
1、 词性:以表语(描述状态)和状语(修饰动作)为主;
2、 语境判断:
涉及“警方、罪犯、逃亡”→ 义项1;
涉及“时间紧、事务多、没空闲”→ 义项2;
涉及“边移动边做某事”→ 义项3;
3、 常见搭配:
be on the run(处于…状态);
stay on the run(持续躲避/忙碌);
do sth. on the run(匆忙做某事)。
义项1:The escaped convict is still on the run—avoid him if you see him!(逃犯仍在逃——见到他别靠近!)
义项2:After starting a business, I’m always on the run—no time for hobbies!(创业后我总是忙个不停,没时间搞爱好!)
义项3:I brush my hair on the run every morning to save time.(我每天早上都边忙边梳头,省时间。)
总结:"on the run"的本质是“动态的状态”——要么在逃避,要么在忙碌,要么在匆忙行动。结合语境就能快速判断其含义~