该短语的结构为 put + 宾语(sb.) + in prison,通常用于主动句(施动者执行“关人”的动作)或被动句(受动者被关进监狱)。
施动者通常是有执法权的人或机构(police, judge, court 等),宾语是“被关的人”。
The police put the thief in prison after catching him.
警察抓住小偷后把他关进了监狱。
The judge decided to put the murderer in prison for life.
法官决定将凶手终身监禁。
由于“被关进监狱”是被动动作,被动语态(be put in prison)更常用,常搭配表原因的介词 for 或表时间的状语。
He was put in prison for stealing a car.
他因偷车被关进监狱。
The fraudster will be put in prison for 10 years.
这个诈骗犯将被监禁10年。
+ for sth./doing sth.:表“因…(罪行)被关”(最常用)
She was put in prison for embezzlement(挪用公款).
+ 时间状语:表“被关多久”
The robber was put in prison for five years.
put in prison vs. be in prison:
put in prison 是动作(“被关进”);
be in prison 是状态(“在坐牢”)。
例:He was put in prison last year and is still in prison now.
(他去年被关进监狱,现在还在坐牢。)
put in prison vs. send to prison:
两者含义接近,但 send to prison 更强调“判决/押送”的动作(如法官“判送”),而 put in prison 更强调“放置/关进”的动作(如警察“执行关押”)。
例:The court sent him to prison,and the police put him in prison the next day.
(法庭判他入狱,警察次日将他关进监狱。)
prison 前不用冠词:固定搭配中“in prison”表“坐牢”,无需加 a/the(若加冠词则表“去监狱这个地点”,如 go to a prison 表示“去监狱探视”)。
无引申义:通常用于字面意思,不用于比喻(若需比喻“被困住”,可用“be trapped”或“be imprisoned by fear”等)。
综上,put in prison 是描述“将某人关进监狱”的动作短语,核心是“动作执行”,被动语态更常用,常搭配原因或时间状语。