要理解“rid of”,需先明确其常用搭配结构——因为“rid of”本身很少单独使用,通常需要和动词(如get、be)或反身代词(如oneself)结合,形成完整的表意结构。以下是核心解析:
整体表示“摆脱;除去;去掉”(消除某人/某物对自己的影响、困扰或存在)。
表示“处理掉;摆脱;清除”,强调“采取行动使某人/某物消失”。
宾语可以是具体事物(如旧物、垃圾)、抽象事物(如压力、麻烦)或人(如讨厌的人)。
例句:I need to get rid of these old books—they’re taking up too much space.(我得处理掉这些旧书——太占地方了。)
She’s trying to get rid of her cold by drinking lots of water.(她想通过多喝水摆脱感冒。)
We finally got rid of the noisy neighbors who moved out last week.(我们终于摆脱了上周搬走的吵闹邻居。)
表示“已经摆脱;不再有”,强调“摆脱后的状态”(通常是经过努力后的结果)。
例句:I’m so happy to be rid of that boring job!(我真高兴摆脱了那份无聊的工作!)
After years of struggle, they are finally rid of their debt.(经过多年奋斗,他们终于还清了债务。)
rid 本身是及物动词,意为“使摆脱”,需搭配“宾语 + of + 被摆脱的对象”。
若主语是“自己”,常用反身代词oneself(如rid myself of“使自己摆脱”)。
例句:He decided to rid himself of the bad habit of smoking.(他决定改掉吸烟的坏习惯。)
The government is trying to rid the city of pollution.(政府正试图清除城市污染。)
不能单独用“rid of”:比如不说“I rid of the problem”,而要说“I got rid of the problem”(动作)或“I rid myself of the problem”(主动摆脱)。
“get rid of”无被动:因为本身已表示“主动处理”,不能说“These books were got rid of”,需换为“These books were thrown away”(这些书被扔掉了)。
结构 | 含义 | 侧重点 | 例句 |
---|---|---|---|
get rid of sb./sth. | 处理掉;摆脱 | 动作(主动) | Get rid of that broken vase, please. |
be rid of sb./sth. | 已经摆脱;不再有 | 状态(结果) | I’m glad to be rid of that stress. |
rid oneself of sth. | 使自己摆脱(正式) | 主动行动 | She rid herself of the toxic friendship. |
简言之,“rid of”的核心是“消除困扰/无用的人/物”,具体用法需看搭配的动词或结构~