"as though" 是英语中常用的连词短语,核心含义为“好像;仿佛;似乎”,用于描述主语的行为、状态或感受给人的直观印象,常与"as if"互换(二者用法几乎一致,"as though" 更偏向书面语,"as if" 更口语化)。
"as though" 主要引导方式状语从句(修饰动词,说明动作的方式)或表语从句(位于系动词后,说明主语的状态)。从句的语气需根据“是否与事实相符”选择陈述语气或虚拟语气。
当说话者认为从句描述的内容有依据、大概率真实时,用陈述语气(时态与主句一致或按逻辑调整)。
例1(方式状语从句):He talks as though he knows everything.(他说话的样子好像什么都懂。)→ 可能他确实知识丰富。
例2(表语从句):The room looks as though it hasn’t been cleaned for weeks.(这房间看起来好像几个星期没打扫了。)→ 视觉上有明显迹象支持。
例3:It seems as though it’s going to rain.(天好像要下雨了。)→ 乌云、湿度等迹象暗示可能下雨。
当说话者认为从句描述的内容不真实、是想象/假设时,需用虚拟语气,时态根据“与现在、过去、将来事实相反”调整:
与现在事实相反:从句用过去式(be动词统一用"were",无论主语单复数)。
例:She acts as though she were a princess.(她表现得好像自己是公主。)→ 实际她不是公主。
例:I feel as though I were flying.(我感觉好像在飞。)→ 实际没有飞。
与过去事实相反:从句用had done(过去完成时)。
例:He looked as though he had seen a ghost.(他看起来好像见了鬼。)→ 实际没见到鬼。
例:She spoke as though she had never met him before.(她说话的样子好像从没见过他。)→ 实际之前见过。
与将来事实相反:从句用would/could + 动词原形(表示“不太可能发生的将来”)。
例:It feels as though the world would end tomorrow.(感觉好像世界明天就要毁灭了。)→ 实际不可能。
当从句的主语与主句主语一致,且从句含be动词时,可省略从句的“主语 + be动词”,直接保留分词(现在分词/过去分词)或形容词。
例1:He stood there as though (he was) waiting for someone.(他站在那里,好像在等某人。)→ 省略"he was",保留现在分词"waiting"。
例2:She looked at me as though (she was) surprised.(她看着我,好像很惊讶。)→ 省略"she was",保留形容词"surprised"。
例3:The cake tastes as though (it has been) overcooked.(这蛋糕尝起来好像煮过头了。)→ 省略"it has been",保留过去分词"overcooked"。
与"as if"互换:几乎所有场景都可以替换,如"He acts as if he were a king." = "He acts as though he were a king."。
避免混淆虚拟时态:与过去事实相反时,务必用"had done",而非过去式(如He looked as though he saw a ghost. 是错误的,应为had seen)。
系动词后接表语从句:常见系动词有look(看起来)、sound(听起来)、feel(感觉)、seem(似乎)、taste(尝起来)等,如"The music sounds as though it’s from the 1980s."(这音乐听起来好像是80年代的。)
"as though" 是表达“虚拟或真实的‘好像’”的核心短语,关键是根据“是否与事实相符”选择从句的语气(陈述/虚拟),并记住省略结构的使用场景。通过例子巩固会更易掌握:
真实:She looks as though she’s sick.(她好像病了。)→ 可能真的病了。
虚拟(现在):He talks as though he were my boss.(他说话好像是我老板。)→ 实际不是。
虚拟(过去):They reacted as though they had heard bad news.(他们的反应好像听到了坏消息。)→ 实际没听到。
省略:She walked as though (she was) tired.(她走路好像累了。)→ 简化从句。