英语短语"run dry"的核心含义是"耗尽、用完;干涸",既可以描述具体事物的枯竭(如水源、物资),也可以引申为抽象事物的耗尽(如灵感、耐心、资金)。
To become exhausted, used up, or empty; to have no more of something available.
(变得枯竭、用完或空了;没有更多可用的东西。)
"run dry"是不及物动词短语,通常无被动语态,主语直接是"被耗尽的事物"(具体或抽象)。以下是常见场景及例句:
描述自然水源、物资库存等具体东西用完:
The river ran dry during the severe drought.(严重干旱期间,这条河干涸了。)
Our gas tank has run dry—we need to stop at the next station.(我们的油箱没油了——得在下一个加油站停车。)
The well runs dry every winter, so we have to store water.(这口井每年冬天都会干,所以我们得储水。)
引申为资金、灵感、耐心、创造力等抽象资源的枯竭:
The startup’s funding has run dry, so they might have to shut down.(这家初创公司的资金耗尽了,可能要倒闭。)
I can’t write the story anymore—my ideas have run dry.(我写不下去这个故事了——灵感枯竭了。)
His patience ran dry after waiting for over two hours.(等了两个多小时后,他的耐心耗尽了。)
时态:常用现在完成时(强调"已经耗尽")、一般过去时(描述过去的枯竭)、一般现在时(描述习惯性/周期性的枯竭)。
例:
The lake has run dry due to climate change.(由于气候变化,这个湖已经干涸了。)
The coffee supply ran dry yesterday.(咖啡库存昨天用完了。)
The stream runs dry every summer.(这条小溪每年夏天都会干。)
run dry vs. dry up:两者都有"变干"的意思,但"run dry"更强调"资源耗尽"(如供应、库存),而"dry up"更强调"自然蒸发或消失"(如 puddle 水坑晒干、tears 眼泪干了)。
例:
The pond dried up in the sun.(水坑在太阳下晒干了。)(更强调"蒸发")
The pond ran dry because people took too much water.(池塘干了,因为人们取了太多水。)(更强调"人为耗尽")
"run dry"是一个实用的口语/书面语短语,核心是"从有到无的耗尽",适用于具体资源(水、油、食物)和抽象资源(钱、灵感、耐心)的场景。记住它是不及物,主语直接是"被耗尽的事物",不用被动语态。
一句话记住用法:当你想表达"某样东西(不管具体还是抽象)用完了/枯竭了",就用"sth. runs/ran/has run dry"!