英语短语“pull back”是一个多义动词短语,核心逻辑是“从当前状态/位置向后调整、撤回”,具体含义和用法需结合语境判断。以下是其常见释义及搭配:
指将物体/人从当前位置向后拉动,恢复到之前的状态。
搭配:直接接宾语(及物)。
例句:
① Please pull back the curtains to let in more light.(请把窗帘往两边拉,让更多光线进来。)
② He pulled her back from the busy road to avoid a car.(他把她从繁忙的马路边拉回来,避开了一辆车。)
指终止或收回之前的计划、决定或行动(相当于“cancel”或“withdraw”)。
关键搭配:pull back from (doing) sth(撤回做某事)。
例句:
① The company pulled back from its expansion plans due to economic uncertainty.(由于经济不稳定,公司撤回了扩张计划。)
② She almost signed the contract but pulled back at the last minute.(她差点签了合同,但最后一刻反悔了。)
指军队或人员从当前阵地向后转移(战略调整或避险)。
用法:多作不及物(后接地点或方向)。
例句:
① The soldiers were ordered to pull back to the hills after losing the battle.(战斗失利后,士兵们奉命撤到山上。)
② The enemy pulled back across the border under heavy fire.(敌人在猛烈炮火下撤回到边境另一侧。)
指因恐惧、顾虑或不确定而停止/回避某行为(相当于“hesitate”或“back out”)。
搭配:pull back from (doing) sth(退缩不做某事)。
例句:
① He wanted to confess his feelings but pulled back—he was too shy.(他想表白,但退缩了——他太害羞了。)
② She pulled back from accepting the promotion because it meant moving abroad.(她犹豫着不接受晋升,因为那意味着要出国。)
指降低某事物的规模、数量或频率(相当于“cut down on”)。
关键搭配:pull back on sth(减少某物)。
例句:
① The government is pulling back on public healthcare spending.(政府正在削减公共医疗开支。)
② We need to pull back on eating out to save money for the trip.(我们得减少外出就餐,为旅行存钱。)
1、 及物vs.不及物:
及物:后接宾语(如“pull back the chair”拉椅子);
不及物:需加介词(如“pull back from the edge”从边缘撤回;“pull back on spending”削减开支)。
2、 被动语态:可用于被动(如“The project was pulled back due to budget cuts.”项目因预算削减被撤回。)
总结:“pull back”的核心是“向后/返回”——无论是物理上的“拉回”、行动上的“撤回”,还是态度上的“退缩”,都围绕“从当前状态调整回去”展开。通过搭配介词(from/on)和语境,能快速判断具体含义。