"due to" 是英语中表示因果关系的短语,最常见的意思是 "由于;因为;归因于"(表示某结果是由某个原因造成的)。
"due to" 本质上是形容词短语(源于形容词 "due",意为"应归因于"),因此传统语法对其用法有一定限制,但现代英语中用法逐渐灵活。以下是关键规则:
"due to" 不能直接接从句(如 "due to he was late" 是错误的),只能接名词性成分(名词、代词、动名词、名词短语等)。
正确:The flight delay was due to bad weather.(航班延误是因为恶劣天气。)
正确:Her failure was due to not preparing properly.(她的失败是因为准备不充分。)
错误:Due to he missed the bus, he was late.(应改为:Due to his missing the bus... 或 Because he missed the bus...)
传统语法认为 "due to" 只能用于系动词(如 be、seem、appear 等)之后作表语,强调"结果是由...引起的"。
The accident was due to his carelessness.(事故是由于他的粗心。)
My tiredness is due to lack of sleep.(我的疲惫是因为睡眠不足。)
随着语言发展,"due to" 也可像 "because of" 一样作状语(修饰整个句子),用于句首或句中,表达"因为...(导致某结果)"。
句首:Due to the heavy rain, the sports meeting was canceled.(由于大雨,运动会取消了。)
句中:We had to change our plans, due to unexpected guests.(因为意外的客人,我们不得不改变计划。)
"due to" 还可能与另一个结构混淆——"be due to do sth.",此时它表示 "预计/预定做某事"(无因果关系),需特别区分:
She is due to arrive tomorrow.(她预计明天到达。)
The movie is due to start at 7 PM.(电影预定晚上7点开始。)
与 "because of"、"on account of" 等都表示"因为",但细微差异:
正式程度:"due to" 比 "because of" 更正式(常用于书面语、新闻、学术文本);
语法功能:传统上 "due to" 更强调"归因"(作表语),"because of" 更强调"原因"(作状语),但现代用法已模糊此界限。
后接名词不接从句;
可作表语(be due to)或状语(句首/中);
因果关系用 "due to + 原因",预定计划用 "be due to do"。
通过以上规则和例子,"due to" 的用法就清晰啦~ 可以多造几个句子巩固哦!