英语短语do up是一个多义的动副短语(动词+副词),核心含义围绕“使某物处于有序/完整/美观的状态”,具体用法和意思需结合语境判断。以下是最常见的义项及用法解析:
最基础的用法,指将衣物的紧固件(扣子、拉链、鞋带等)固定好,使衣物合身。
搭配:后接具体的紧固件(button/zip/laces等)或衣物部位。
例句:
Can you help me do up my coat? I can’t reach the top button.(你能帮我扣一下外套吗?我够不到最上面的扣子。)
Don’t forget to do up your shoes before running.(跑步前别忘了系鞋带。)
注意:若宾语是代词(如it/them),需放在“do”和“up”中间:
The zip is stuck—can you do it up for me?(拉链卡住了,你能帮我拉上吗?)
指将杂乱的事物整理得整洁有序,或梳理头发使其整齐。
搭配:常接表示空间(room/house/desk)或毛发(hair)的名词。
例句:
I need to do up my bedroom before my friends come over.(朋友来之前我得收拾一下卧室。)
She spent an hour doing up her hair for the party.(她花了一个小时打理头发去参加派对。)
指对旧物(房子、家具)进行维修、装饰,使其恢复或提升状态(常含“翻修后更美观”的意味)。
搭配:多接表示建筑或家具的名词(house/flat/old chair等)。
例句:
They bought an old cottage and spent two years doing it up.(他们买了一栋旧 cottage,花了两年时间翻新。)
We’re planning to do up the kitchen with new cabinets and tiles.(我们打算用新橱柜和瓷砖翻新厨房。)
指通过服装、妆容或装饰让自己/某物更漂亮、正式。
搭配:
打扮自己:do oneself up(常用被动:be done up);
装饰物品:后接礼物、房间等名词。
例句:
She did herself up in a fancy dress and heels for the wedding.(她穿了华丽的礼服和高跟鞋,为婚礼精心打扮。)
The kids did up the Christmas tree with lights and ornaments.(孩子们用灯和装饰品把圣诞树装饰好了。)
She was all done up for the party—hair, makeup, everything!(她为派对精心打扮了一番——头发、妆容,样样都齐!)
指用包装材料(纸、丝带等)将物品包裹好(如礼物、包裹)。
例句:
Can you do up this present with some colorful paper?(你能用彩纸把这个礼物包起来吗?)
She did up the leftovers in foil and put them in the fridge.(她用锡箔纸把剩菜包好放进冰箱。)
及物性:多数情况下是及物动词短语,需接宾语(如do up a button/do up the house)。
代词位置:若宾语是代词(it/them),必须放在“do”和“up”中间(如do it up,不能说do up it)。
被动语态:常用于描述“被整理/翻新/打扮”的状态(如The house was done up last year. 这房子去年翻新过。)
通过具体语境判断义项是掌握“do up”的关键,结合例句多练就能熟练运用啦!