"come under" 是一个常用的英语短语,核心含义是“归入;受到;服从;被…覆盖”,具体用法需结合上下文,主要分为以下几类场景:
表示将事物归类到某个更大的概念、类别或主题下,常见搭配为 come under + 类别/标题/范畴名词。
This question comes under the topic of "modern literature".(这个问题属于“现代文学”的范畴。)
All these expenses come under the heading of "travel costs".(所有这些费用都归入“差旅费”项目。)
强调“被动承受某种外部作用”,常见搭配为 come under + 压力/影响/攻击等抽象名词。
The company came under intense pressure to improve its safety standards.(公司面临改进安全标准的巨大压力。)
The government came under fire (固定搭配,= 受到批评) for its slow response to the crisis.(政府因应对危机迟缓而受到批评。)
Children often come under the influence of their friends.(孩子常受到朋友的影响。)
表示“服从于某个权威、机构或规则的管理”,常见搭配为 come under + 权威/机构/规则名词。
This case comes under the jurisdiction of the local court.(这个案件由地方法院管辖。)
The new team will come under the management of Ms. Lee.(新团队将由李女士管理。)
The project is coming under closer scrutiny (审查) from the board.(项目正受到董事会更严格的审查。)
用于描述具体的“被覆盖”或“被攻击”的情境(较少见,但需注意)。
The city came under heavy snow last night.(城市昨晚被大雪覆盖。)
The fort came under attack from enemy troops.(堡垒遭到敌军攻击。)
come under fire:受到批评/攻击(最常用)
come under pressure:面临压力
come under scrutiny:接受审查
come under the influence of:受到…影响
come under the jurisdiction of:受…管辖
come under the heading of:属于…标题下
1、 不及物性质:"come under" 是不及物动词短语,后面必须接名词/名词短语(不能直接接动词)。
错误:The plan came under reject.(应改为 The plan came under rejection. 或 The plan came under pressure to be rejected.)
2、 时态变化:根据语境使用不同时态(comes under / came under / is coming under 等)。
The policy comes under frequent debate.(一般现在时,描述常态)
The factory came under investigation last year.(一般过去时,描述过去事件)
"come under" 的核心逻辑是“将事物/主体与某个外部的‘覆盖者’(类别、压力、权威等)关联”,重点在“被动承受或归入”。理解时需结合后面的名词,判断是“归类”“承受”还是“服从”。
通过以上例子和搭配,可快速掌握其实际应用~