“congratulate on”不是独立的短语,其完整、正确的结构是“congratulate sb. on/upon sth./doing sth.”,核心含义是“向某人祝贺某事/因某事(做了某事)向某人道喜”。
“congratulate”是及物动词,意为“祝贺;向…道喜”,必须带宾语(sb.,即“被祝贺的人”);“on/upon”是介词,引出祝贺的原因(sth. 是“喜事”,doing sth. 是“做了值得祝贺的事”)。
后接成功、晋升、婚礼、生日、考试通过等正面事件,常见搭配:
I congratulated her on her promotion to manager.
我祝贺她晋升为经理。
They called to congratulate us on our wedding anniversary.
他们打电话来祝贺我们的结婚纪念日。
He congratulated me on my exam results.
他为我的考试成绩向我道喜。
强调“因某人的行为/动作”而祝贺,动名词前可带逻辑主语(sb.’s):
She congratulated him on passing the driving test.
她祝贺他通过了驾照考试。
We all congratulated Tom on winning the competition.
我们都祝贺汤姆赢得了比赛。
I’d like to congratulate you on getting the scholarship.
我想祝贺你获得奖学金。
结构为“sb. be congratulated on sth./doing sth.”:
The team was congratulated on their victory.
这支队伍因胜利受到祝贺。
She was congratulated on her new book by many readers.
许多读者为她的新书向她道喜。
1、 不能省略“sb.”:
“congratulate”是及物动词,必须有宾语(被祝贺的人),不能直接说“congratulate on your success”(错误),正确说法是“congratulate you on your success”(祝贺你成功)。
2、 介词搭配固定:
只能用“on/upon”,不能用“for”(congratulate sb. for sth. 是常见错误)。
3、 同义替换:
若需更正式的表达,可改用“offer/send congratulations to sb. on sth.”:
We offered our congratulations to her on her graduation.
我们为她毕业向她表示祝贺。
“congratulate sb. on sth./doing sth.”是“向某人祝贺某事”的标准表达,核心是“人+事”,重点突出“祝贺的对象”和“祝贺的原因”,是日常和正式场合都常用的短语。