"in reserve"是英语中常用的介词短语,核心含义是“备用的、储备的、留待后用的”,强调某物被预先保存起来,不立即使用,以便未来需要时调用。
表示“处于储备状态”,指向“未被激活、留作后手”的状态,可用于具体物品、资源,也可用于抽象的能力、精力等。
"in reserve"通常与keep/have/stay/hold等动词搭配,或直接作定语/状语修饰名词。以下是具体场景的应用:
指为应对突发情况或未来需求而保存的实物(如食物、水、资金、物资等)。
We keep some canned food and water in reserve for natural disasters.(我们储备了一些罐头食品和水,以备自然灾害。)
The company has a million dollars in reserve to cover unexpected costs.(公司有100万美元的储备金,用于支付意外开支。)
Do you have any extra masks in reserve? The store is sold out.(你有备用口罩吗?商店卖光了。)
用于描述“保留的能力、精力、创意等”,不轻易使用,留到关键时候。
She held her best arguments in reserve for the final debate.(她把最有力的论点留到最后的辩论中。)
After running 5km, he still had some energy in reserve to help his friend.(跑了5公里后,他还有些精力帮朋友。)
The comedian keeps a few new jokes in reserve for the encore.(喜剧演员留了几个新笑话,以备返场时用。)
常见于军事、团队场景,指“后备人员/部队”。
The army has 10,000 troops in reserve to reinforce the front line.(军队有1万名后备部队,用于增援前线。)
We need to have two part-timers in reserve for the busy weekend.(我们需要留两名兼职人员,以备周末忙碌时用。)
直接放在名词后,说明该名词的“储备属性”。
a fund in reserve(储备基金)
supplies in reserve(储备物资)
seats in reserve(预留座位)
keep/have sth. in reserve:保留某物备用(最常用)
hold sth. in reserve:留存某物(强调“刻意保留”)
be in reserve:处于备用状态(主语多为物或人)
例:These batteries are in reserve—don’t use them yet.(这些电池是备用的,先别用。)
不要与"reserve"的其他用法混淆:
reserve sth. for sb./sth.:为某人/某事“预订、预留”(强调“分配给特定对象”)
例:I reserved a table for 7 pm.(我预订了晚上7点的桌子。)
in reserve:强调“未分配、留待未知需求”,而"reserve for"是“已分配给特定情况”。
"in reserve"的核心是“备而不用”,突出“未来需求”的不确定性。无论是实物、资金还是抽象能力,只要是“留到后面用”,都可以用这个短语表达。
日常对话中常用的例子:
"Do you have any cash in reserve? The ATM is broken."(你有备用现金吗?ATM坏了。)
"I always keep a book in reserve for long flights."(我总备一本书,供长途飞行时读。)