英语短语break up是一个多义动词短语,核心含义围绕“分离、解散、结束”展开,具体意思和用法需结合语境判断。以下是其常见义项及用法,附典型例句:
最常用的义项之一,通常需要搭配介词with引出“分手的对象”。
用法:break up with sb(和某人分手);sb break up(某人分手)。
例句:
They broke up last year after three years of dating.(他们恋爱三年后去年分手了。)
She decided to break up with her boyfriend because of his lies.(因为他的谎言,她决定和男友分手。)
指原本结合在一起的群体因某种原因分开,不再存在。
用法:主语通常是团体/组织(如band, team, company等)。
例句:
The famous band broke up in 2010 due to creative differences.(这支著名乐队因创作分歧于2010年解散。)
The committee will break up after finishing the project.(委员会完成项目后将解散。)
强调“原本紧密的联结断裂”,可指友谊、婚姻等关系的终结。
例句:
Their marriage broke up after he lost his job and became depressed.(他失业后变得抑郁,他们的婚姻也破裂了。)
The long-term friendship between them broke up over a trivial argument.(他们的多年友谊因一场小事吵架而破裂。)
指将整体拆分成部分,或破坏某物的结构。
用法:可接宾语(break up sth),或用被动(sth be broken up)。
例句:
Can you help me break up this old furniture for recycling?(你能帮我把这旧家具拆开回收吗?)
The machine breaks up the waste into small pieces.(这台机器把垃圾分解成小块。)
指活动自然终止,参与者各自离开。
例句:
The party broke up around midnight when the music stopped.(派对在午夜音乐停止时散场了。)
The meeting broke up early because no agreement was reached.(会议因未达成共识提前结束。)
英式英语中常用,指学校学期结束或学生放假。
例句:
The kids break up for summer holiday next week.(孩子们下周开始放暑假。)
When does the school break up for Christmas?(学校圣诞节什么时候放假?)
常用搭配break up (laughing/crying),指因情绪剧烈而无法控制。
例句:
His silly dance made everyone break up laughing.(他的傻舞让所有人笑到不行。)
She broke up crying when she heard the sad news.(听到坏消息时,她崩溃大哭。)
及物 vs 不及物:
不及物:多数义项(如分手、解散、散场),主语是“分离的主体”(如人、团体、活动)。
及物:物理拆分义(如break up sth),需接宾语。
固定搭配:
break up with sb(和某人分手);break up laughing(笑到失控)。
通过以上例子,可根据主语和语境快速判断“break up”的具体含义~