“would rather…than…”是英语中表达偏好选择的核心短语,字面含义为“宁愿……而不愿……”“与其……不如……”,用于明确对比两个动作/情况,强调更倾向于前者。
突出说话者对两个选项的优先选择,即“做A比做B更愿意”“不想做B,更想做A”。
该短语的关键是平行结构(前后动词形式一致),且主语通常为同一人(若主语不同需用从句,见下文补充)。
最常见的形式,用于描述当下或未来的选择。
I would rather stay at home than go out in the rain.(我宁愿在家也不愿冒雨出去。)
She ’d rather read a book than watch TV.(她宁愿看书也不愿看电视。)
We would rather walk to school than take the bus.(我们宁愿步行上学也不愿坐公交。)
注意:than后接不带to的不定式(动词原形),与前面的“would rather + 动词原形”平行。若要表达“过去宁愿做了A而没做B”(隐含对过去选择的后悔或假设),则前后均用have + 过去分词。
He would rather have studied harder than played games all day.(他宁愿当时更努力学习,而不是整天玩游戏。)
I ’d rather have gone to the party than stayed at home.(我宁愿当时去了派对,而不是待在家里。)
若要表达“宁愿不做A,也不愿做B”,在“would rather”后加not即可。
She would rather not eat fast food than eat that dirty burger.(她宁愿不吃快餐,也不愿吃那个脏汉堡。)
I ’d rather not lie to him than hurt his feelings.(我宁愿不对他说谎,也不愿伤害他的感情。)
为了强调“不愿做的事”,可将“rather than + 动词原形”提前至句首,后面接正常语序。
Rather than waste time on social media, I would study for the exam.(与其在社交媒体上浪费时间,我宁愿复习考试。)
Rather than argue with him, she would keep silent.(与其和他争论,她宁愿保持沉默。)
若前后主语不同(即“宁愿别人做A,而不是做B”),则“would rather”后需接从句,且从句用虚拟语气(过去式表现在/将来,过去完成式表过去)。
I would rather you came tomorrow than today.(我宁愿你明天来,而不是今天。)—— 现在/将来的虚拟(主语是“you”,与主句主语“I”不同)
She ’d rather he had told her the truth than lied to her.(她宁愿他当时告诉她真相,而不是说谎。)—— 过去的虚拟
不要在than后加to:错误❌:I’d rather stay than to go./ 正确✅:I’d rather stay than go.
前后动词形式要一致:若前面用“have done”,后面也要用“have done”(如过去偏好的情况)。
口语中常缩写为’d rather…than…(如I’d rather, You’d rather等)。
“would rather…than…”是表达偏好的强语气结构,核心是“选择A而非B”,通过平行的动词形式(原形/have done)实现对比,适用于现在、将来或过去的场景。记住“平行结构”和“虚拟语气”的细节,就能准确使用啦!