英语短语 "mark out for" 源于动词短语 "mark out"(标出、划定)与介词 "for"(表目的)的结合,核心含义是“标出/选定(人或物)用于某特定目的、角色或结果”,可细分为具体用途指定和抽象命运注定两类用法。
本质是通过“标出”(物理或抽象)的动作,明确“用于”某目标——既可以是具体的“选地块建公园”“选某人当队长”,也可以是抽象的“注定某人成功”。
根据宾语(人/物)和语境的不同,分为两类:
强调“明确指定”,常由人或组织作为主语(主动),或用被动表“被选定”。
结构:
主动:主语 + mark + (宾语) + out + for + 目标(名词)
被动:主语(人/物) + be + marked + out + for + 目标(名词)
注:宾语是代词时,需放在"mark"和"out"中间(如"mark him out");名词可放中间或后面。
例子:
选“人”担任角色/职位:
The coach marked him out for the team captain.(教练选定他当队长。)
She was marked out for the new project leader by the manager.(她被经理选定为新项目负责人。)
选“物”用于特定用途:
The government marked out this area for a residential complex.(政府划定这片区域用于建住宅综合体。)
Mark the ground out for the tent before setting it up.(搭帐篷前先标出地面范围。)
抽象引申义,强调“天生/明显适合,必然发生”,多为被动语态(be marked out for),主语通常是人。
结构:主语(人) + be + marked + out + for + 结果(名词,如success/failure/greatness等)
例子:
His musical talent marked him out for a career in the industry.(他的音乐天赋注定他会进入这个行业。)
From an early age, she was marked out for greatness by her teachers.(她从小就被老师认为注定会有成就。)
Lazy and unmotivated, he was marked out for failure.(懒惰又无动力,他注定会失败。)
与"mark down for"的区别:
"mark down for"表示“给...打低分”或“降价”,与"mark out for"无关:
The teacher marked him down for poor grammar.(老师因他语法差打了低分。)
与"mark out"的区别:
"mark out"单独用是“标出(界限、区域)”,加"for"后才明确“用于某目的”:
Mark out the boundary with tape.(用胶带标出边界。)→ 无目的;
Mark out the boundary for the garden.(标出花园的边界。)→ 有目的。
与人相关:mark sb out for a job/promotion/role(选定某人做工作/晋升/角色)
与物相关:mark sth out for a park/school/development(选定某物用于公园/学校/开发)
与命运相关:mark sb out for success/failure/greatness(注定某人成功/失败/伟大)
"mark out for"的核心是“指定用途/角色/结果”——无论是具体的“选地块建学校”,还是抽象的“注定成功”,都围绕“标出并赋予目的”这一本质。掌握时需结合宾语类型(人/物)和语境(具体/抽象)来判断具体含义。